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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20051221taylorDATE: TO: THROUGH: FROM: AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY December 21, 2005 Board of County Commissioners Cindy Houben, Community Developlnent Director Lance Clark~, {~ssistant Director Community Development Bud Eylar, County Engiueer Appeal of an Eartlunoving Permit Issued to Tom Lewis for Lot 2 of the Little Cloud Subdivision REQUEST: Terry Taylor, owner of Lot 1, Little Cloud subdivision, has appealed the staff's issuance of an earthmoving permit for Lot 2 of the Little Cloud Subdivision. APPELLANT: Terry Taylor, Lot 1, Little Cloud REPRESENTATIVE: Matthew Ferguson, Garfield & Hecht, P.C. PERMITTEE: Thomas Lewis REPRESENTATIVE: BACKGROUND: On September 23, 2005, Lance Clarke, Assistant Director of Community Development, and Bud Eylar, County Engineer, approved with conditions an earttnnoving permit for Lot 2 of the Little Cloud Subdivision. Garfield & Hecht, on behalfofTerryTaylor, owner of Lot 1, Little Cloud appealed this permit issuance as an "other affected party" in accordance with Land Use Code Section 3-300. The permit (Attachment 1) as described by the Applicant's Engineer, Sclnnueser Gordon Meyer, is to use Lot 2 as a staging area for materials during construction of the previously permitted Little Cloud Driveway. The operation is limited to the Lot 2 building envelope. Activities are to include storage of excess materials, screening of materials, storage of equipment. A drainage and erosion control plan was snbmitted, and the Applicant agrees to revegetate the site to County stm~dards. The Applicant has indicated use of the site will reduce truck traffic on the driveway by over 150 two-way trips. The Appellant indicated his concerns about potential leaching of toxic materials from mine tailings on Lot 2 as a result of the proposed activities (see permit). Staff requested a response from the Applicant about those concerns prior to issuing the permit. The Applicant responded on August 18, 2005, with an August 15, 2005, letter fi'om Beach Environmental LLC clarifying his concerns about the potential of leaching (see permit); that--~leacbing may occur under future irrigation. Staff issued the permit on September 23, 2005, with the additional conditious that dust control be provided and irrigation of the site not be allowed. RECOMMENDATION: Staff recommends that the BOCC adopt a motion denying the appeal of the permit issuance aud directing staffto prepare such Resolution for the Chair's signature. ATTACHMENTS: 1) EarthmovingPermit 2) Taylor Appeal Letter. 3) Taylor Appeal lancec/appeal lot 2 little cloud memo 1 .doc :' ' : :i!"ii~[i(i;~: ,' i' EARTH MOVING PERMIT APPLICATION ! 970,920.5090 Fax 970-920,5439Check # ,~ 9~ ~'..~ 1~C~ / 7 days required for approval ~csss from t~e ~mpfete info.etlon received. Pe~it AdminisVatiVe Fee (no ~funds) $ WORK STARED WITNOUTA PERMIT ~LL BE CHARGED DOUBL~ FEES' ' V~ID PERMIT MUST BE KEPT ON SITE AT ALL TIMES ~ POUNDA~ON PERMITS) ~n. ~r m~ ~N 60 CUBIC YARDS OF SOIL. (EXCEPTION A MINIMUM OF ~REE (3)COPIES OF ~y ~D ALL ]NFQRMA~ON REQUIRED MUST ACCOMP~y ~lS APPLICATION. iF ~E JOB DESCRIBED BELOW REQUIRES TH~ MOVEME~ OF MORE ~AN ~OO CUBIC YARDS, THE ~CHNICAL INFORMA~ON AND REQUIREMENTS SHAgL BE PREPPED AND CERTIFIED BY A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER, REGISTERED IN THE STATE Off Thomas~. LeWis, 201 West Cooper, Aspen CO 81611 Thomas J~. Lewis 2200 South Dixie Highway, Suite 702B, Coconut Grove FL 33133 Little Cloud Subdivision Lot 2 Little Cloud Subdivision Rock & Soil -~PPLIC~TION WILL NOT BE REVIEWED UNLESS THIS PORTION IS COMPLETE Total Cubic Yards (Cut & F1~1}:~4-70 . Max ~p~: O' To~I Cubic Ya~s (Cut & MaxLeng~: 90' Access Driveway for lots 3 & 4 12a, Is any portion of ~e dev~opment proposal now c~mpteta? Jn 1991, the access driveway and utilities Were taken to Lo~ 2. ~ 3. WIll the project requfr'e the disturbance of tr~e 100 year 11cod plain? I~ YES ~'~NO 14, Will the project disturb or result in the removal of any vegetation? [] YES [] ~D, eS, a ray.elation plan and ~:.fl~ is required. Ea~m¢~tng - p j turb or result in the ~emovaJ of any we~, d Or riparian ~e~etatfon? _ ~ Y~ ~ N0 Site J~n ~p and zoning of ~e prop~ and any deVelopment approvals ~s~atad w~ ~e pmpe~, afl p~posed and ~i=~ng St~u~ on ~e s~, and I~a~'~n a~ almaden of s~m roads, water supply syste~, sanJtaw [~i0ties ~d soil 3. Rev~e~fion plan. 4. The appli~nt may ~ required to sub.it o~er necesaaW info.etlon In orde¢ to determine of ~propdate design e~d p~o~=n~ ~da~s have been 5. A ~e GrePng Plan de.ling ~e s~pe =fworb SCHMUESPR GORDON M. EYER / I July 13,2005 t : J j Mr. Lance Clark Pitk n-County CommunityDevelopment 1_3_0_S_. _Galena ............... j Aspe;n, ?O 816!1 Re:__~Z__Little.C Iou d S ubdivi'~io~ :___~ ~ .._.. , ; · . , L_I Dear La~ ..... Enclose8 is an Ear[hmoving Permit Application for the Little Cloud Subdivision. The ~ ......~----'-Perm~t'- :~s,' a request' to allow the' use of Lot 2 of the Little Cloud Subdivision to be used as ..... a stagingarea for materials during construction of the Little Cloud Driveway. ~1 ; The use cf Lot 2 will provide benefit to the community by allowing an on-site location to · -- gcC-e-pt some Of the on-site excess material to be used to create a staging pad. The - [---[--I"' staging pad will be used to screen on-site material for use on the backfill of the MSE walls. This operation is not mechanical. The operation will reduce the amount of off-site - i .....-~ ....ekcess material as well as reducing the amount of imported aggregate materials. The operation will be fimited to the area of the existing Lot 2 building envelope. All disturbed areas will be protected by erosion control dudng and following construction. Following cc nstruction, the site will be revegetated per County standards. ....... The result of the approval of this permit will decrease truck traffic be~een this site and .......... the Pitkin County Landfill by over 150 two-way trips. The reduction in truck traffic will - also reduce energy, no~se and dust in all areas below this lot. Please do not hesitate to call with any questions. Thank you in advance for your prompt attention to this permit. Sincerely, SCHMUESER GORDON MEYER, INC. Dan Cokley, P E.~ CC: Thomas Lewis Cur[is R. Sanders 1:\1988\8049\C\Corresp\8049c_ear~hmoving permit.doc RECEIVED JUL 1 2005 PitkJn County Building Dept . UT = 47O C¥ k% % ~,,"~/.<.~. ',.~'>,. , DISTURBED AREA TO BE REVEGETATED PER PITKIN COUNTY STANDARDS. ~8 W, 6th Street, Suite 200 ~,,.oo~ s~,~,, c~o,~o ~o~ E~THMOVING PERMIT SCHMUESER ] GO~DON I M~ER Aspen, Colorado ('970) ~25-6727 OS,,,1~/..O05 1]:2~ 97o 945 LPI HOLDZNGS LBWIS pROPF_,RTY INVESTORS, '/50 Iq.W~. 7'r r~ AVE. DANI~ BEACI'~, FL 33004 LLC FAC$1~IILE TRANSMITTAL SHEET Bud Elyar Tom E. Lewis (970) 920-5374 A~t 18, 2005 co~= ]OTAL No. OF PAGES INCLUDING CO~ 'Pi~ Co~v ~er ~c ~oud Sub~ YOUR R~r~NCE N~MBE~ [] UItGISNT [] FO~ p. EVIF. W [] PLEASE COiqME~4T NOTES/COMMENTS.' It was · pleamre m~rmg yo~ thc o~= &y ~d I look fo~d to ~o~ ~ you oa d~dopment of thc ~ ~oud Sub~ I ~ve amchcd for your, r~ xc~pomse' to biat%~ F~son% le~ 8a~ J~y 20, 2005 .~g ~e Lot 2 F~ P~t a r~e8 p~ofg~i~ ~, ~o~, dhtl log ~d ro~ a~ by ~e ~ D~im of K~ ~ ~ Cmp~, a cons~ ~ that "~e mine ~s waste ~d~g of en~onmm~ de,damon m ~e fi~" F~ex, ~ ~ct :espouse to Fer~qon'~ ~ ~at to~c ~ ~ leach om of ~e ~ste pile B~,ch a~ r~temre* kis findq-~ ~d To c=ndude, ~ ~ght of ~ ~cNs md Sram p~L~'~ ~gs ~t ~e ~ ~;li~ on o3/13,,¢2005 11'26 F,¢,X 970 945 5948 $CHt,tUESER 60RDON !4E¥'ER ~009/009 09/13/2005 05:1t 9549210138 LPZ HOLDINGS PAGE 03 Jot 2 do not ~cl,,d~ x-ou6ne i~iE~tion we ask ~at ~e req,,~t for d~t of P~t by ~a~ew Fer~ ~ho r~m ~e u~cx~ of~t 1 be ~ed ~d Moq ?~it for Lot 2 be appro~d ~o~, In ad~fion, we app~ be ~ for ~e m~e~d ~R on ~t I p~ ~= =q.umt of~e Pi6~n Co~ En~e~ ~k y~ ~ ~ce md ~o~d you ~ve my ~=dom or con~ pl~e do not conm~ mt ~t (~04) 307-8878. TomE, Lewis Propert~ Imvcstots, T I C ?~0 N,I% v~'..s, vliNU~i, · DANI^ Bl~AdI-t, I~L 55004 PIIONE: (305) 8~-8149 · ~AXz (305) §47-37¢5 ' ~ O0 0S,,,'1~.~2 5 11:23 FAX 09/13/2005 0~:~l 970 945 5948 954921013~ SCH~tUESER 60ROON htE'fER LPI HOLDINGS ~ 004/009 PAGE 84 Environmental. LLC T~mLcwls L~wisPropertyI~ 750N.E. 7~AYen; D~aB~ach, Flofi Dc~r Mr, Lewis: ~u my l~t~r, ~aaploying one of 6 create "a l~el~'mmlve con~ Lot 2 prior to cornS. In ~c~pon.~ to Matt August l 8, 2000 l~t mine t~tlin, gs may b ~m ~n~r~s Ire ~gation.' Augu.~l$,2oo5 33004 Sent via Fac to 1-305-~47-3745 P~: Li~¢ Clc~! Sut~livi~ion and r~vlewe, d th~informalion cont~Ir~e.d therein. I tmvc also om Aunt of 2000. Beth Environrn~nlal limked itS awaluation of spection and ro~w of materiats provided, includL~ $ s r~poa on ev~ l~awl~k of Chon-Norther,, end a suba=quent ~[e~hon~ ira, I hmve also reviewed ~ report by l~.~lf~ower, en$inc~r for r~s out of G-oMen, Color~io. , Ict~r of August 18, 2000, thc ts/dings, according to M.r. Pawlak ~rm but m~v I~mc, h ~xic level~ of c~,-tadn ink-torah if altowc~*o ~c Stlbj~t to j.t~urlon ~ the ftr~ure." Thc:~ ~.re ~0 qualifiers [ri >fwhich is based on S~v~ Pawlak's prof~ionnl opimi0m, that ~ w~.tt~l m=d two, that this may ~crur i£fi~ taillng-a ~ aubject to ~be ~,u'~, 8inet them w~ no irrigation ays~em at thc time, md reco~Jzcd ~xp~t in tl~ field of soils, st~t~ that they w~re ~eaign nfs ptl~ cticl not appear to.puac ~ny ~ignific~ut environmental risk in 2000. s~d'you could allevi~ the pot~ti~ problem of~t~ lem~h~ by :~ op~ons. Pawt~ su~ ~e~i~ thc ~1~ ~d I ~end~ r~o~ing ~ ~ ~ s~ as ~s wo~d ms ov~e p~ f~ l~e~g o~ toxic min~s, ~ ~l~o 1o.,,~005 ]1 28 F,~' 870 845 5848 SCHMUESER GORDON ME?ER I_PI HOLDINGS ~ 005/008 PAGE 85 In uny ~-e~c, if ;he 1 can likely adz ~e/Ye simple resolut/o; to S~1¥~ GARFIELD & gEGt-IT, P.O. RO~ALO GAR~EL=' ATTORNEYS AT LAW D^vlD L. Lg. Yo SNc, 1975 MATTHEW C. FERGUSONI www. g~eldhecht, com ' CH&D J. SCH~IT~ JOHN D. BELKIN July 20, 2005 VIA E-M~L AND U.Si MAIL ~. L~ce Clarke - ~CP~ Assist~t PitMn County Pl~ng Director Pitkin County Co~uN~ Development Dep~ment 130 South Galena Street Aspen, CO 81611 ASPEN OFFICE 601 IRAST H¥/aAN AVENUE ASPEN, COLORADO 81611 TELEPHONE (970) 925-1936 FACSLMILR (970) 925-3008 BASALT OFFICE 110 MIDLAND AVENUE, SUFrE 201 BASALT, COLORADO 81621 TELEPHONE (970) 927-1936 FACSIMILE (970) 927-1783 GLENWOOD SPRINGS OFFICE TEI.EP~'IOHE (970) 947-1936 FACSIMILE (970) 947-1937 Re: Earth Moving Permit Application Permit No.: 0044.2005 Dear .Mr. Clarke: As you know, I represent Terry and Cynthia Taylor, owners of Lot 1 in the Little Cloud .S~ubdivision ("Taylors"). We have obtained copies of a Pitkin County Earth Moving Permit Application signed by Thomas E. Lewis, and relating to Lot 2. This ~vas submitted to you by Dan Cokley of Schmueser Gordon Meyer in his letter dated July 15, 2005. For the reasons, set forth below, the Taylors object to and oppose issuance of this earth moving permit. First, once again, Mr. Lewis represents himself as the property owner but he is not the owner. Second, for all the reasons set forth in the Taylor's previous appeals of the permits issued to Lew/s, the Taylors object to the issuance of this permit. Third, without waiving any of the Taylor's previous objections and claims based on the serious geologic hazards that remain unresolved at Little Cloud, neither Lewis nor Cokley address the mine tailings on Lot 2. On August 18, 2000, Beach Environmental, LLC confirmed : for Lewis that Chen Northern's testings indicated that while the mine tailings may be "benign in a dry form" they are subject to "leach[lng] at toxic levels of certain minerals if allowed to remain {~Printed on recycled paper M2'. Lance Clarke July 20, 2005 Page 2 on site .... ," including through simple landscape irrigation. Beach recommended removal. In fact, the current application would indicate mater/als will not be removed. Fourth, the Taylors object to a staging area on Lot 2. Lewis and Cokley assert that th/s will "decrease truck traffic," - which translated -really means they are ready to save money at the expense of the Taylor's convenience and safety. We request deri/al of the application. Thank you. MCF/cc ~ew C. Ferguson cc: John Ely, Esq. (Via E/.,m. aif~ / ~ 114913 BRORIARD HARINE To:gTe 9e5 9561 PArE ~32, 8,: 2000 Tom Lewis Lewis Property lnYelstbrS. Inc. g925 S.W. 148th Stree~ Miami, Florida 331'76 Via facsimile ~ 1-305-582-1333 Lot 2 Little Cloud Subdivision De~ Tom: At your request, I have tmdertaken and completed a review of the infc~onar.on provided to me relating to the mine tailings and geology of Lot 2, Little Cloud Subdivision, in Aspen, Colorado. As a pakt of my work, I reviewed prior, repOrtS from the geotechnical engineering firm of Chon-Northern, authored by Stcven pawlak, a' registered professional engineer, soils, drill log and rock analyses by the Materials & Structures DJvislon of. Ken R. White Company, a consulting engineering t-gm. Following my review of the information, I completed a brief site visit which allowed me to form the following conclmion: th~ mine tailings waste pile lhat remains on Lot 2 does not pose a significant cn.ironmentai risk or hazard and does not result ia a lindiug of environmental degradation to the site. Movrover, the site reconnalSsanc¢ support,q a findlng that there is no stresde, d vogct,~t~on or other indicators of d~gradation occorrlng, there ~vcrc rm obvious materials stored or dumped on site, narrow leaf cottonwood trees are growing through the tai~ngs pile and areas adjacent to the tailings pile m'e replete with vegetation typical of this area. The resultq of Chen-Nordmrn's testing indicates the tailings are benign in dry :form but may leach out toxic levels o.f.' certain minerals if allowed to remain on-sim and arc subject to rominc irrigation in thc future. While the Chon report suggests spreading the soil~ and then burying them with lopsoil, or digging a pit and burying the tailings. I wood recommend against this approach. Rather, 1 would recmnmend the bulk of the tailings be removed and dlspo.qed of at the Pitkin County landfill or other licensed disposal site. Removal of the tailings would create a much more reliable and lasting remediation and would lessen the potential for future problems related ;o leaching minerals being transported m oth~r properties. The soils report indicates the tailings materials are not suitable for use ia structural applicatimls due to shale content and therefore do not appear £o have roach value to the property. In addition, the constituency of the shale talus makes it prone to creep and the report suggests the tailings pile could becom~ unstabl.¢ i.f. saturated by rain or snow. Therefore, it may be reasonable tv request the seller remove the tailing= ~'rom Lot 2 prior to completing thc.transaction. 07/22/2885 11:~ 9549274288 ]3ROWARD MARINE T0:970 PAGE P.B03/Ol? BEAC~ J~Of'I.R.O[sq~.EN-rA L,. LLC Consequently, it may lac possiblc for you to complete your parchasc without any further assessment or analyses oF the property or tailings. I-:lowevcr, you should be aware that a potential leader may require the completion of a comprehensive Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment and this work could be completed by my firm within approximately tO days from authorization; I do not suspect thc ESA will produce any additional concerns with the site though since I have completed ESAs recently on properties in both directions adjacent m the Little Cloud Subdivision. lfyou decide tO proceed with your purchase and wish ua to complete additional work; in¢ladhig the removal of the mine tailings, please feel free to give me a call. I will maka my.~elf available to aliswer any questions you may have. Sincerely, By o255M.01 /¢ RONALD GARFIELD~ ANDREW V. HECHT DAVID L. LENYO MATTHEW C. FERGUSON~ CHRISTOPHER J. LACROIXL2 CYNTHIA C. TESTER CHAD J. SCHMIT3 NATASHA SAYPOL GREGORY S. GORDONtA ERIC D. MUSSELMAN~ CHRISTOPHER D. BRYAN JOHN D. BELKIN OF COUNSEL, ROBERT E. KENDtO PARALEGALS MICHAEL D. MCCOLLUM RUSSELL B. ZUCKERMAN KATHY THISSEN MICHELLE HYDE GARFIELD & HECHT, P.C. ATTORNEYS AT LAW Since 1975 www. garfieldhecht.com September 28, 2005 ASPEN OFFICE 601 EAST HYMAN AVENUE ASPEN, COLORADO 81611 TELEPHONE (970) 925-1936 FACSIMILt~ (970) 925-3008 BASALT OFFICE ll0M1DLAND AVENUE, SUITE 201 BASALT, COLORADO 81621 TELEPHONE (970) 927-1936 FACSIMILE (970) 927-1783 GLENWOOD SPRINGS OFFICE THE DENVER CENTRE 420 SEVENTH STREET, SUITE 100 GLENWOOD SPRINGS, COLORADO 81601 TELEPHONE (970) 947-1936 FACSIMILE (970) 947-1937 BY HAND Mr. Lance Clarke - AICP Assistant Pitkin County Planning Director Pitkin County Community Development Department 130 South Galena Street Aspen, Colorado 81611 APPEAL Re: Appeal of Earth Moving Permit Permit No.: 0044.2005 Approval Date: September 23, 2005 Property: Lot 2, Little Cloud Subdivision Applicant: Thomas E. Lewis Dear Mr. Clarke: We represent Terry and Cynthia Taylor, owners of improved real property known as Lot 1, Little Cloud Subdivision, located in Pitkin County, Colorado. On September 23, 2005, Pitkin County Community Development issued the above- referenced Earth Moving Permit ("Earth Moving Permit"). For the reasons stated in (1) Matthew C. Ferguson's July 20, 2005, letter to you (attached hereto as Exhibit A), (2) the currently pending litigation in Pitkin County District Court Case No. 04 CV 208, Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker III, et al., and (3) the Taylors' previous appeals to the Pitkin County Board of County Commissioners of the permits issued to Thomas E. Lewis, the Taylors appeal the issuance of the also admitted to 2. also admitted to 3. also admitted to 4. also admitted to New York Bar Connecticut Bar Illinois Bar New Jersey Bar Printed on recycled paper GARFIELD & ]tECHT. P.C. Mr. Lance Clarke September 28, 2005 Page 2 of 2 Earth Moving Permit. In accordance with Pitkin County Land Use Code Sections 3-300-02 and 5- 210-010, the Taylors request a hearing before the Pitkin County Board of County Commissioners ("BOCC") regarding this appeal of the issuance of the Earth Moving Permit. Please contact me with a hearing date as soon as possible. Very truly yours, Eric D. Musselman 117046 1 Stanley L. Gamett, Esq. (via e-mail) Alan C. Friedberg, Esq. (via e-mail) Christopher G. Seldin, Esq. (via e-mail) J. Lawrence Hamil, Esq. (via e-mail) ANDREW V. HECHT DAVID L. LENYO CHAD J. SCHMITj CHRISTOPHER D. BRYAN JOHN D. BELKtH OF COUNSEL, ROBERT E. KE~IG PARALEOALS VIA E-~L A~ U.S. ~L Mr. L~ce Cl~ke - ~CP Assistmt PitOn County Plying Director Pitkin County Community Development Depment 130 Sou~ Galena Street Aspen, CO 81611 GARFIELD & CHT, P.e. ATTORNEYS AT LAW Since 1975 www. garfi¢ldhecht.eom July 20, 2005 ASPEN OFFICE 601 EAST HYMAN AVENUE ASPEN, COLORADO B 16 { TELEPHONE (970) 925-1936 FACSIMILE (970) 925-3008 BASALT OFFICE 110 MIDLAND AVENUE, SUtT£ 201 BASALT, COLORADO 81621 TELEPHONE (970) 927-1936 FACSl)dILE (970) 927-1783 GLENWOOD SPRINGS OFFICE THE DENVER CENTRE 420 SEVENTH STREET, SUITE GLENWOOD SPRINOS, COLORADO 81601 TELE~'HOHB (970) 947-1936 FACSIMILE (970) 947-1937 Re: Earth Moving Permit Application Permit No.: 0044.2005 Dear Mr. Clarke: As you know, I represent Terry and Cynthia Taylor, owners of Lot 1 in the Little Cloud Subdivision ("Taylors"). We have obtained copies of a Pitkin County Earth Moving Perrrdt Application signed by Thomas E. Lewis, and relating to Lot 2. This was submitted to you by Dan Cokley of Schmueser Gordon Meyer in his letter dated July 15, 2005. For the reasons set forth below, the Taylors object to and oppose issuance of this earth moving permit. First, once again, Mr. Lewis represents himself as the property owner but he is not the owner. Second, for all the reasons set forth in the Taylor's previous appeals of the permits issued to Lewis, the Taylors object to the issuance of this permit. Third, without waiving any of the Taylor's previous objections and claims based on the serious geologic hazards that remain unresolved at Little Cloud, neither Lewis nor Cokley address the mine tailings on Lot 2. On August 18, 2000, Beach Environmental, LLC confirmed for Lewis that Chon Northern's testings indicated that while the mine tailings may be "benign in a dry form" they are subject to "leach[lng] at toxic levels of certain minerals if allowed to remain New York Bar Connecticut Bar Illinois Bar New Jersey Mr. Lance Clarke July 20, 2005 Page 2 on site ..... "including through simple landscape irrigation. Beach recommended removal. In fact, the current application would indicate materials will not be removed. Fourth, the Taylors object to a staging area on Lot 2. Lewis and Cokley assert that this will "decrease track traffic," - which translated - really means they are ready to save money at the expense of the Taylor's convenience and safety. We request denial of the application. Thank you. MCF/cc ~__~ew C. Ferguson cc: John Ely, Esq. (Via E~ ti ~ 114913 RONALD GARFIELDt ANDREW V. HECHT DAVID L. LENYO MATTHEW C. FERGUSONI CHRISTOPHER J. LACROIX1'2 CYNTHIA C. TESTER CHAD J. SCHMITa NATASHA SAYPOL GREGORY S. GORDONL4 ERIC D. MUSSELMAN~ CHRISTOPHER D. BRYAN JOHN D. BELKIN OF COUNSEL, ROBERT E. KEND1G PARALEGALS MICHAEL D. McCoLLUM RUSSELL B. ZUCKERMAN KATHY THISSEN MICHELLE HYDE GARFIELD & HECHT, FoC. ATTORNEYS AT LAW Since 1975 www. garfieldhecht.com December 9, 2005 APPEAL ASPEN OFFICE 601 EAST HYMAN AVENUE ASPEN, COLORADO 81611 T£LEPHONE (970) 925-1936 FACSIMILfi (970) 925-3008 BASALT OFFICE ll0MIDLAND AVENUE, SUITE 201 BASALT, COLORADO 81621 TELEPHONE (970) 927-1936 FACSIMILE (970) 927-1783 GLENWOOD SPRINGS OFFICE THE DENVER CENTRE 420 SEVENTH STREET, SUITE 100 GLENWOOD SPRINGS, COLORADO 81601 TELEPHONE (970) 947-1936 FACSIMILE (970) 947-1937 BY HAND AND EMAIL Patti Clapper, Commissioner BOCC 530 E. Main Street 3rd Floor Aspen, CO 81611 Dorthea Farris, Commissioner BOCC 530 E. Main Street 3rd Floor Aspen, CO 81611 Jack Hatfield, Commissioner BOCC 530 E. Main Street 3rd Floor Aspen, CO 81611 Re: Michael C. Ireland, Esq., Commissioner BOCC 530 E. Main Street 3rd Floor Aspen, CO 81611 Michael Owsley, Commissioner BOCC 530 E. Main Street 3rd Floor Aspen, CO 81611 Mr. Lance Clarke Assistant Pitkin County Planning Director Pitkin County Community Development Depart. 130 South Galena Aspen, CO 81611 Appeal of Earth Moving Permit . Pemfit No.: 0044.2005 Approval Date: September 23, 2005 Property: Lot 2, Little Cloud Subdivision Applicant: Thomas E. Lewis also admitted to 2, also admitted to 3, also admitted to 4. also admitted to New York Bar Connecticut Bar Illinois Bar New Jersey Bar /¥ Printed on recycled paper 6AIRFIELD & HECHT, P.C. BOCC December 9, 2005 Page 2 of 6 We represent Terry and Cynthia Taylor (collectively the "Taylors"), owners of improved real property known as Lot 1, Little Cloud Subdivision, located in Pitkin County, Colorado. We write further to my letter dated September 28, 2005, to provide the Taylors' further"brief' on their appeal of the above-referenced Earth Moving Permit 0044.2005 ("Earth Moving Permit"). I. INTRODUCTION On September 23, 2005, Pitkin County Community Development issued the Earth Moving Permit 0044.2005, which was applied for by Thomas E. Lewis ("Lewis") at a time when he was not the owner.~ (Exhibit "A"). Lance Clarke provided zoning approval and Bud Eylar engineering approval. The Earth Moving Permit approved a "Staging and Stockpile area" on Lot 2 of the Little Cloud Subdivision. It permits the excavation of rock and soil, and was applied for and approved in connection with the Driveway Permit, and also provides that Lewis' project will disturb or result in the removal of vegetation. II. RELEVANT FACTS On July 13, 2005, Schmueser Gordon Meyer, Inc. ("SGM") submitted an Earth Moving Permit Application for Lewis requesting pemfission to use Lot 2 "as a staging area for materials during construction of the Little Cloud Driveway." (Exhibit "B"). SGM represented that this permit would "benefit the community" because it would reduce the use of off-site excess materials, and would decrease truck traffic. The Taylors' counsel lodged an objection on July 20, 2005 (Exhibit "C"), and requested denial of the permit. The Taylors reiterated their prior driveway appeal issues but also pointed out the issue of the large mine tailings waste pile on Lot 2, and the environmental hazards it posed. On August 18, 2005, Lewis/LPI responded to the Taylors' objections. On September 23, 2005, the Earth Moving Permit was issued and, on September 28, 2005, the Taylors appealed its issuance. III. ARGUMENT The Taylors incorporate by reference their appeal of the first and second Driveway Permits issued to Lewis, and their previous submissions to this Board. Moreover, the Taylors incorporate their arguments set forth in their pleadings, motions and appellate briefs, including their C.R.C.P. 106 Opening Brief (Exhibit "D") and Reply Brief, in the Pitkin County District Court litigation styled Taylor, et al. v. Tucker, et al. (2004 cv 208-1) ("District Court Action"). The Taylors' previous submissions to this Board and its C.R.C.P 106 appeal and other claims in the District Court ~ Lots 2, 3, and 4 of the Little Cloud Subdivision are now owned by LPI Aspen, Inc. ("LPI"), a Florida corporation. Lewis is president of LPI. GARFIELD & HECHT, P.C. BOCC December 9, 2005 Page 3 of 6 Action amply support this Board's revocation of the Earth Moving Permit. The Earth Moving Permit should be denied for additional reasons, including its impact on mining and environmental issues. Lewis, LPI and their experts have continued to fail to adequately address mitigation and remediation of the mine tailings waste pile on Lot 2, and the resulting potential leaching of toxic materials and hazards, and airborne dust and related stability issues. Lewis' ongoing earthmoving activity on the pioneer road at Little Cloud Subdivision recently began on or about Thursday, September 8, 2005. Shortly thereafter, the earthmoving activity caused an approximately 24" x 24" x 8" rock to come loose and crash from the proposed road onto the Taylors' front yard, narrowly missing the Taylors' home. Some photographs of the ongoing earthmoving activity, as well as the fallen rock, are attached hereto as Exhibit "E". The confirmed hazards from the mine tailings waste pile further intensify the already known geological hazards, including rockfall, unstable slopes, subsidence and avalanches, that exist at the Little Cloud Subdivision. The Earth Moving Permit should be revoked. A. The 2000 Beach Report SGM' submitted with Lewis' Earth Moving Permit application was a report by Beach Environmental, LLC's ("Beach"), dated August 18, 2000, titled "Lot 2 Little Cloud Subdivision" ("2000 Beach Report").2 The results of Chen-Northern's testing indicates the tailings are benign in dry fomi but may leach out toxic levels of certain minerals if allowed to remain on-site and are subject to routine irrigation in the future. (Emphasis added). The 2000 Beach Report recommended the following to mitigate potentially toxic leaching: I [Gary L. Beach] would recommend the bulk of the tailings be removed and disposed of at the Pitkin County landfill or other licensed disposal site. Removal of the tailings would create a much more reliable and lasting remediation and would lessen the potential for future problems related to leaching minerals being transported to other properties. 2A copy of the 2000 Beach Report is attached hereto as Exhibit "F". GAt~F]ELD & HECHT, ?.C. BOCC December 9, 2005 Page 4 of 6 (Emphasis added). Beach's 2000 report for Lewis - coming 10 years after Tucker's illegitimate approval also provided that "the constituency of the shale talus makes it prone to creep and the [Chen-Northern, Inc.] report suggests the tailings pile could become unstable if saturated by rain or snow." COM DEV's Earth Moving Permit allows heavy equipment and heavy operations to take place directly on top of this site, and on and around the mine tailings waste pile. Photographs of the staging area with a large vehicle and heavy materials atop it are attached as Exhibit E. The 2000 Beach Report concluded that lenders may require a comprehensive Phase I Environmental Site Assessment ("ESA") of Lot 2. There is no indication that Beach or anyone else has ever completed this assessment, or that Lewis as the developer has ever requested it. Lewis has never followed Beach's recommendation that the mine tailings waste pile be removed from Lot 2. The mine tailings waste pile still remains, with heavy staging work and equipment now on top of it. There has been no further study or remediation on Lot 2. In fact, the Taylors, including their 7-year-old twins, were subjected to dust from the earth moving operations and the staging area only yards from their home. B. The 2005 Beach Report Apparently in response to the Taylors' July 20, 2005 objections, Lewis submitted a second report dated August 15,2005, titled"Little Cloud Subdivision" ("2005 Beach Report,').3 The2005 Beach Report is equally instructive regarding the additional analysis and remediation required for Lot 2's mine tailings waste pile. On August 18, 2005, Lewis submitted the 2005 Beach Report to Mr. Eylar, and the developer himself represented that "the mine tailings on Lot 2 do not pose an environmental risk or hazard." The 2005 Beach Report again addresses the concerns of leaching at toxic levels if the mine tailings waste pile is allowed to remain on Lot 2. The 2005 Beach Report, citing Steve Pawlak of Chen-Northern, Inc., suggests the following remediation to "alleviate the problem of future leaching": · "spreading the tailings and then burying them with 1 to 2 feet of uncontaminated'material (topsoil)"; or · "digging a pit and burying the tailings"; or · "removing them from the site as this would create 'a much more reliable and lasting remediation.'" 3 A copy of Lewis' correspondence to Mr. Eylar and the attached 2005 Beach Report are attached hereto as Exhibit "G". GARFIELD& HECHT, P.C. BOCC December 9, 2005 Page 5 of 6 According to Beach, "[a]ny of the three options would likely resolve concerns over the potential for leaching of toxic materials." None of these options have been adopted and carried out. Lewis postulated that, if there was no irrigation, no leaching would occur. No one has ever addressed the issue of the raw airborne mine tailings dust, or the instability of the pile under the stress of the workloads on it now. The 2005 Beach Report concludes that the mine tailings waste pile "may leach if wetted ..." (Emphasis in original). Beach, SGM and Lewis fail to address and ignore altogether Beach's 2000 conclusion that shale talus "could become unstable if saturated by rain or snow." This failure to address saturation by rain or snow, and instability violates the Pitkin County Land Use Code, including §§ 3-170-030(E)(1) and 3-80-050(C)(1). Beach also fails to address whether any other activities (or accidents) could cause wetting, and thus cause leaching. The 2005 Beach Report offers no opinion regarding the impact to the mine tailings waste pile from the approved "Staging and stockpile area," and the resulting (1) removal of vegetation and (2) excavation of rock and soil. C. The 2002 CTL Report SGM has produced to the Taylors in the District Court Action a report from CTL/Thompson, Inc. ("CTL"), dated August 30, 2002, titled "Geologic and Geot6chnical Consultation Potential Effects of Development of Lots 2, 3, and 4, Little Cloud Subdivision and Tract A of Government Lot 20 on Kutme Residence" ("2002 CTL Report") (Exhibit "H"). CTL studied the"mine spoils pile on Lot 2" and concluded that: The mine spoils may be considered an environmentally hazardous material. Phase 1I environmental testing should be performed on samples of the mine spoils to determine if a contamination problem exists. Mitigation of contaminated mining spoils includes dust control during construction and burying the material on site with several feet of "clean" soil. In 2002/2003, the Taylors' consultant, David Cushman, reported to the BOCC: "The mine subsidence issue is curiously not addressed by Lampiris, even though mine workings and tailings piles are mentioned." CTL has stated about this "1041" hazard that: "We recommend excavating exploratory pits in the suspected mine adits ..." CTL also conducted earlier Subsidence Analyses for Kuhne/Taylors, in 1998/2002: Previous mining activity is evident by the presence of a mine spoils GARFIELD & HECHT, ?.G. BOCC December 9, 2005 Page 6 0£6 pile on Lot 2 with some of the spoils along the south edge of Lot 20. It appears that an abandoned adit is above and behind the spoils pile. Areas above the old mine adit may be subject to subsidence. The mine spoils may be considered an environmentally hazardous material This hazard not yet even studied, and yet in violation of its own Code, C.R.S. § 24-65.1-101, et seq., the Earth Moving Permit simply ignores the issues as new development over extensive and potentially dangerous mine works and hazardous materials is underway. The Taylors are aware of no testing of the "mine spoils," no mitigation of contamination, and no dust control during construction. The Taylors do not want to take a "wait and see" approach to the contamination and leaching that could reach toxic levels. The Taylors, their neighbors, the Friends of Shadow Mountain, Pitkin County, the City of Aspen citizens and the many local users of the Midland Trail and surrounding public environs, may be jeopardized given the utter failure to investigate and remediate Lot 2's mine tailings waste pile. This issue has simply been glossed over as with all other serious geologic hazards. The Taylors' objective remains the protection of their children and all who use their home. The Taylors also desire to protect their significant investment. Lewis has provided no testing, mitigation or remediation to address leaching from Lot 2's mine tailings waste pile. Lewis has ignored CTL's conclusions, and has employed none of Beach's three remediation options. The Earth Moving Permit should therefore be revoked. IV. CONCLUSION This appeal should be granted and the BOCC should revoke the Earth Moving Permit. The Taylors also respectfully request that the BOCC not approve any additional permits for the Little Cloud Subdivision, pending resolution of the various issues raised by the Taylors in Pitkin County District Court, which are set for trial beginning April 17, 2006. CC: 118930 3 Very truly yours, Matthew C. Ferguson Stanley L. Garnett, Esq. (via e-mail) Alan C. Friedberg, Esq. (via e-mail) Christopher G. Seldin, Esq. (via e-mail) J. Lawrence Hamil, Esq. (via e-mail) ~~.-': EARTH MOVING PERMITAPPLJCATION ' ... _ 7 ¢e~ r~ui~ for approval ~cas~ frum ~a ~mplets ~fo~ation recsbed. Pe~it AdministratiVe Fee (no ~funds) $ ~ ~. WORK STARED ~TNOUT A PERMIT ~LL BE C~ED DOUB~ FEES ' ' VALID PERMIT MUST BE KEPT ON SITE AT ALL TIMES T~lB PERMIT IS REQUIRED FOR ANY EARTHMOVING WORK THAT' INVOLVES THE MOVEMENT OF MORE THAN SO CUBIC Y~O$ OF SOIL (EXCEPTION FO~ FOUNDATION PERMITS) :k MINIMUM OF THREE (3) COPIES OF ANy AND ALL INFORMATION ~EQUIRED MU ST ACCOMPANY THIS APPLICATION. ~F THE JOB DESCRIBED BELOW REQUI~ES THE MOVEMENT OF MORE THAN 500 CUBIC YAi~O,~, THE TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND DATA REQUIREMENTS SHALL BE PREPAREO AND CERTIFIED BY A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER, REGISTERED IN THE STATE OF 6OLOP~.r~o. Thomas j[. Lewis, 201 West Cooper, A~pen CO 81611 Thomas ][, Lewis 2200 South Dixie Highway, Suite 702B, Coconut Grove FL 33133 Little Cloud Subdivision Lot 2 Little Cloud Subdivision Rock & Soil ~PPLJCA~OH WILL NOT BE REVIEWED UNL~S,S THIS PORTION I~ COMPLETE To~l Cubic Yard& (CUt & F!~I): 4-70 To~l Cut:~) Max Depth: 0' M~x v',qdth:.90~ U~X ~.i~i~h~ 8' To(al Cubic Yards (Cu~ & RI0; ~ r u Total Pill: 470 Max Length: Access Driveway for lots 3 & 4. 12.a. Is any portion of fha ~evelopmeflt prol~xssal now c~p~? r~,¢~ [] HO In 1991, ~e a~ess drive~y and udli~es were ~ken to Lo~ 2. 13. ~11 ~e pro, ct requfm ~he distu~an~ of t~ 100 y~ ~d plain? ~ Y~ ~ NO 14,. ~ the projec[ disturb or r~sul[ in the removat of any vege~gon? [] YES [] Nl~es, a ~vegetaaon pla~ and ~'~4rib, i~ mq~[md. Ea-~mo~ 15. ~ the project disturb or mault in the r~movaJ of any wed~nd or ripa~.~t~t~on?/, [] YES [] NO C onstru T~.E POLL{OWING MAPS OR DRAWINGS IDENTIPYINC.,N~=cm~!;~'~4'-R'~B~.G.d*HE PROJeCT^RE P~QUIRED: I. S~e ksc-~tion map ~d zoning of ~e pro~erty and ~ny development approvals associated with the prope~'y, 3. Ravegetaflon plen, 1~. ,~ev~.~,~;;s,c~.~,,.~,~ 18~. If yes, ~oun~ " · ·,"13 "2005 '11 II I · · III · · II I · · tl :28 F,,,., 97O 945 $CMMUESE~ ~ GOFHDON r MEYER SCHMU£SER GoRDoN MEYER, JlVC, 118 Wes~ 6''~ Stye& Suite 2~ gJenwood Sprin~s CO ~1601 b ttp://w~.s~m.inc, corn SCHWUESER ~OROOH NtE'~,'ER' RECEIVED SEP ! 3 7_O05 ~ 001,."0o3 Glenwood Sprin~ Office, 970) 945-1004 FAX: (S70) 945-5948 'Aspen Office: (970) 925-6727 FAX~ (970) 925-4157 Creeled Bu~e ~c~z (970) 549-5~55 .F~ (~70) 349-5358 Meeker O~c~= (970) 878-5180 M/SS/ON STAT£MEAO': We ezi~t to make our di~nt~ ~ucce~sfuL _We do ~hi~ by unde~%endl~ t~ir ~evelopm~n~ and/n/~truclu~ ~eed$, and %he unique enviton~enf of the valley communib'~ whe~ ww We proW~ re,pon=ire, appropWa~e en~Jneerln~ zu~eyfn~ end co~ult]n~ ~e~fc~& te achle~ our client' while prolecfln~ the h~altfl ~afe~, quafi~ of life and moun~in eflvl~n~nt of our neighS. projec~ To: To; Fax: To: Fax:. To: Fax: FROM: [ ] Original mailed, ~ Original not mailed, COMMENT: CONRDENT[~LITY NoTIcE This fac=[mile tmnsmi==ion (and/of documents accompanying iO may con~'aln confidential lnfO~on ~Jongi~ ~ the &ender, whkh /~ pto tected by ~e enE[ncer/c]{ent privfle&e. The information [s intended on~ for ~e use of ~ [nd]v[duel of enU~ ~am~ a~ve. If you a~ no~ the intended fecJp/~n~ ~ou am he.by hoOf/ed ~a tan] d[sclosum, d~umenG, Thank ~. Total peges Cncludlng this cage)~ ~ P;ease c~ll if this amount cfi pages wa:~ not received, EARTH MOVING PERMITAPPLICATION S. Galcna St. 'Aspen, OD · 81011 Permit ~. ~/-¢'(-(. ~.-~ ¢~ 130 eT0,g20.5090 Fax 970.920.5439Check # i ~ ~''~ ~C,~ }~/~0(~ i- 7 da~ require0 f~ approval ~ ~ ~ ~mplete ~fo~tbn re~ed. Pe~ Adminis~a~ve Fee (no ~funds ) $ ~, WORK STARTED ~TMOUT A PERMIT ~LL BE C~RGED DOUB~ F~ES VALID PERMIT MUST BE KEPT ON SiTE AT ALL TIMES THIS PERMIT I$ REQUIRED FOR ANY EARTHMOVING; WORK THAT INVOLVES THE MOVEMENT OF MORE THAN 50 CUBIC YARDS OF SO~L (EXCEPTION FOR FOUNDATION PERMITS) A MINIMUM OF THREE (3) COPIES OF ,~Jy AND ALL INFORMATION REQUIRED MUST ^CCOMP^NY THIS APPLICATION. IF TrfE JOB DESCRIBED BELOW REQUIRES THE MOVEMENT OF MORE THAN 50~ CUBIC YARDS, THE TECHNIOAL INFORMATION AND DATA REQUIREMENTS SHALL BE PREPARED AND CERTIFIED BY A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER, REGISTERED IN THE STATE OF COLORA[30, Thomas~., Lewis, 201 West Cooper, Aspen CO 81811 Trlomas 1~. Lewl$ 2200 So~h Dixie Highway, Suite 702B, Comnut Grove FL 33133 Ut'de Cloud Subdivision Lot 2 Little Cloud SubdMslon Rock & Soil E~li~e~ms ~'-'~T~mche$ ~]Po;~d~ r~LItlI~es ~]Tra~s [~C)~er Sta~:~l'$tockpjle~ea APPLICATION WILL NOT BE REVIEWED UNLESS THIS PORTION I$ C;OMPLETJ~ To'al Oubb Yards (Cat & F~[)?70 moral C~:~ ~ax PepS:0' M~ W~ h:.90' M~ H~ght:. Bt To~ C~ic Ya~ (Cut &~[O; ~/U Total Filt: 4?0 M~[x Length:. 90' Access Driveway fi3r lots 3 & 4 12e,, IS any po~on of the development proDosaJ now complete? [~YE~ [] NO In 1991, the at-.cass driveway'and ut~llties were taken to Lot2. 13. WlJl the pro.lect requl~e the distu~ance of the 100 year/Jood plain? I'-~ YE~ ~NO 14, ~ ~ prowl d~tu~ or maul[ in th~ ~mo~l of any ~e~n? 15. ~ ~e pro~t dis~ ~ m~uE in ~ ~mo~ of ~y we~nd ~ ~.~on? ~, ~e~e in~d~ ~y ~e~ ~m ~e EPA ~ U~CE, A midden & ~ve~ pl~ ~ ¢~ ~y w~d or dp~a ~ Impaled by d~L Cons~on season 2005 1. ,.~te location map and zoning of 7~e property and any devek)pment approvals assocatad wen !~e property, 2. A map with surlace view show'inD ~JevaSc~s or contours of [ne ground, ped~n~rd, s~'ucturea, fill or storage ezevaMons, size, location and spatial amangem~nt of ail proposed and ex~§ng etructun~s on ~e site. and IocaUon ~ elevation of streets, roads, w~ter aupp~ systems, t, anltary racl~s and s~; typ~. 3. Ravegatatlon pta~, 5. a site Grading Ptan detaJ{In[l the ~ope of work, COM1V/IJ2~TY DEVELC ~'ENT DEPARTMENT 130 South Galena Street Aspen, Colorado 81611 (970) 920-5526 Pitkin County Land Use: 172 Board of Adjustment 159 County Land Use Code 173 Deposit 174 Flat Fee 169 Public Notice 160 Planning Enforcement 175 Hearing Officer Referral Fees: 210 Airport LUC01 County Clerk 211 County Engineer ~ ~ -- 194 Environmental Health 208 Historic 198 Housing 190 Land Management 209 Reckstone HPC 206 Wildlife Officer Building Fee~: Board of ~ppeals Building Code Sales Building Permit Contractor License Electrical Permit Energy Code Review Mechanical Permit Plan Check Plumbing Permit Reinspection Aspen sanitation AVFD Fire Marshal BFD Fire Marshal Other Fees: 155 Use Tax 165 Copy PZ005 Master Plan Copy Performance Deposit 185 Park Dedication 186 Parking Cash in Lieu IS GIS Requirements B1202 Road Impact Fee B1203 School Impact Fee 170 135 105 100 120 195 115 110 130 151 152 158 , I __L__ ~.~., SCHMUESBR GORDON h4 E"CER July 13, 2005 Mr. Lanc~ Cla-r-k ..... Pitkin-C. ounty-Comm unity Development . L_ _130_S_._Galena _ I Aspen, CO 81611 I , "-.-Re:./' .Littlegl0ud Sub'"-~iSion i Dear Lance,~-- i i Enclosed is an EarLhmoving Perm t Application for the Little Cloud Subd vision. The I ..... !-~'e-r'r~it is a request to allow the use of Lot 2 of the Little Cloud Subdivision to be. used as ~ i ! : -~ .... ¢'~'-'a3tagmg area'for materials during construction of the Little Cloud Driveway. ~ The use of Lot 2 will provide benefit to the community by allowing an on-site location to ~ '-' '-" ;' ' ~dc~-Ct ~(~ti-i¢ Of the on-site excess material to be used to create a staging pad. The .... - - ~- - ~ staging pad will be used to sc,een on-site material for use on the backfill of the MSE ........... ........_w_.alls.__. This operation is not mechanical. The operation will reduce the amount of off-site .... _: ..... i_ ' excess matedal as well as reducing the amount of imported aggregate materials. ; The operation will be limited to the area of the existing Lot 2 building envelope. All disturbed areas will be protected by erosion control during and following construction. Following construction, the site will be revegetated per County standards. The result of the approval of this permit win decrease truck traffic between this site and the Pitkin County Landfill by over 150 two-way trips. The reduction in truck traffic will also reduce energy, noise and dust in all areas below this lot. Please do not hesitate to call with any questions. Thank you in advance for your prompt attention to this permit. Sincerely, SCHMUESER GORDON MEYER, INC. Dan Cokley, P.E.~ CC: Thomas Lewis Curtis R. Sanders t:\1988\8049\C\Corresp\8049c_earthmoving permit.doc RECEIVED P~l~n Oourr~, Building Dept. ' EARTH MOVING PERMIT APPLICATION 970,920.5090 F~ 970-920.~396heck ~ ~ ¢~ ¢~ ~ /¢~¢~ I 7 d~ requi~d for approval p~sss ~m ~e ~mplete ~fo~tion re~ived. Pe~ Adminis~ative Fee (no ~funds ) $ ~. WORX STARTED V~TNOUT A PEFtMfT VVILL BE OIHAR~ED DOUgL~ FEES VALID PEPJ~IT MUST BE KEPT ON SiTE AT ALL TIMES THIS PERMIT IS REQUIRED FOR ANY EARTHMOVING WORK THAT iNVOLVES "r14E MOVEMENT OF MORE THAN ~0 DUB4~ YARDS OF SOIL. (EXCEPTION FOR FOUNDATION PERMITS) A MINIMUM OF THREE {3) ~OPIES OF Akfy AND AL~ INFORMATION REQUfftED MUST ^CQOMP,~N¥ THI~ APPLICATION. ~F THE JOB DESCRIBED BELOW REQUIRES TH5 MOVEMENT OF MORE THAN $0U CUB)~ YA.F,.D$, THE TECHNICAL INFORMA'13ON AND DATA REQUIREMEICFS SHALL BE PREPARED AND CERTIFIED BY A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER, REGISTERED IN TH[ STATE OF Thomas~. Lewis, 201 West Cooper, Aspen CO 81611 Thomas ~. Lewis 2200 South Dixie Highway, Suite 702B, Coconut Grove FL 33133 Little Cloud Subdivision Is. ~"~ P'~'~") I Lot 2 Little Cloud Subdivision Rock & Soil APPLICATION WILL NOT BE REVIEWED UNLESS THtS PORTION IS DOMPLETf Total Cubic Yards. (CUt & FII0:.470 TotaI CUt:~D To~ Cubic 'Cams (Cut & ~10; ~ r u Total Fill: 470 M~ LenDf~:. 90' A~oe~s Driveway for lots 3 & 4 12s. I$ any portlan ef the development prop~af now compile? ~ ~ NO In 1991, ~e a~e~ ddveway and utillSes were ~ken to Lot2. 13. ~11 ~e project requl~ the distu~en~ of t~e 100 y~r fio~d plain? ~ ~ ~ ~ 15. Will the prd~ct disturb or m.uE in the removal Df any wetland or riperi~t~tion?/ [] Y~ [] NO 3. Revegetatic~n 5. A s~ Grading P[a~ detaJiln~ ~e s=ope =f work. CUT = 470 CY .,'o~ ~-~ ~,~'~k-/ '~ ~-% / FILL = 0 CY ~ '3 ~ ~'"~/ /-'""'~-- "',/~ % '., ., / / DIS~RBED AREA TO BE RE~GETATED PER PlaIN COUNTY STANDARDS.  sc~u~s~ ¢o~o~ ~ ~c. LITTLE CLOUD August lB, 2000 provided to me relating~t6 the mi.ne ~illngs a~ ge010~ o/L~t 2, Little Subdivision, h~'A~n.' coldhd6'2:. '~ :~' ~:!~'~f~y'work, 1 ~viewcd prior repots '~m . . the g~t~hnical,englneefi~g :firm or Chen-Nort~m, authmca by Slcven P~w!~k. a ' ' ' ' ' ~glatemd professton~ engross'sods drill log anti ~k alysm by [he Mortals & .... SkUetures pjv.~km o~Ken R:.~it~ ~o~pany,'a.Cemgu!t'ing engineering f~rm, d0~' not' r~ml~ tn a finding 0f en~mnme~l flegrnflstion to th~ sit~. Momever, itidicat~r~:~f-deg'~aaion ~curring; ihere, write n0~b~'b~ moieties stored or .... : '~ -.,-,. a~d,~s; adjacent to ~he~m~ings:piI~.a[e.mple[~..Wi~ vegelafiun typical o[ thi~ ama. . ,.' - ..... .~ .~.-,.' ~;~e ~]~s of Ch~?Ngnbern-~ msUng:m~cates ~ r~:ngs are being,. ~, .and ~rc suhjemlo murine ~mgatmn m the'~m:~'/i'~hBe'~ Chert re~ ....... · en busing'fflam ~th topsoil. [~'d(g~ng a ~t and . . '-' '. LThe so ~ repo;x in~,a~.~ the rollings ~dr~d~Is ~ no~ suitable for use .... : .... ~tmctural applidafions'duc to,hale content and th~efore do not ap~ar to ha~e m~ch v~um toth= pm~ny~ l.n~0di~on, ~e constituency of the shale t~us makes i.t prone to creep and ~e report ~uggem the t~lh~gs pile could ~ome unsmbl.e if sat~aled by rmn or snow. Therefore, it my be masmabl~ to request ~e seller remove ~e t~ling~ ~,e ~m from Lot 2 prior to complet~g the lransac~on. 'BEACH ENVI!KONME'NTAL. LLC Pzge 2 :"'' ' Aagu.~t 1 B, 2DOD e a call I will make myself avadab~ lo answer any qucsuons you may have.' COMMUNITY DEVELOP1V 130 South Gale..~ Street Aspen, Colorado 81611 (970) 920-5526 Pitkin Comuty Land Use: 172 Boa.rd of Adjustment 159 County Land Use Code 173 Deposit 174 Flat Fee 162 Zoning and Sign 169 Public Notice 160 Planning En/orcement 175 Hearing Officer Referral Fees: 2~o ~rpor~ LUC01 County Clerk 211 County Engineer 194 Environmental Hea]th 208 Historic 198 Housing 190 Land Management 209 Redstone I-~PC 206 wildlife Officer Building Fees: 170 Board of Appeals 135 Building Code Sales 105 Building Permit 100 Contractor License 120 Electrical Permit 195 Energy Code Review 115 Mechanical Permit 150 Plan Check 110 Plumbing Permit 130 Reinspection 151 Aspen Sar~tation 152 AVFD Fire Marshal 158 BFD Fire Marshal Other Fees: 155 Use Tax 165 Copy PZ005 Master Plan Copy Performance Deposit 185 Park Dedication 186 parking Cash in Lieu IS GIS Requirements B 1202 Road Impact Fee B1203 School Impact Fee ~T DEPARTMENT 05/13/2005 11'2~ F,O( 870 845 5848 i39,/13/2005 85:11 954~2~ ~ $CHI,IUESER BDRDDN ~ o o B,,," o o 9 P~GE 86 July 20, 2005 .Earth Moving P¢m2t ApvtJcati=n P¢rmJt No.; 00~.4.2005 Dear Mr. Chtkc: A.~ you know, I reFr¢sent T¢ns' and C~tNa T~ylar, o~m of~t t in ~e Li~e Clo~ Sub'vision ('Weylom"). W¢ h~v¢ ebbed =op&~ of a Pi~n Co~W ~ Ma~g P~t kpp~cation ~¢d by ~ E. ~wiu, m:d relating to Lot 2, Tki~ was submi~cd ~o you by D~ Cokl:y of Solute. Gordon Mey~ N Ns le~ dated I~y. 15, 2005, For ~e r=aso~ sm fo~ below, the Taylo~ obj~t to and oppose issu~ca of~ ¢~ ma~g p~it. First, old. ce again, Mr, Lc'vis rcprcse=is hi.resell as tha pro~arty owner but h¢' is not thc S==ond, for all the r:a~ons ~ot forth in the Taylor's'previouz to Le~s~ ~e T~y]o~= object lo ~= is~nce oral= T~, ~out w~g ~y of ~e Taylor'~ previo~ obj~d.o~s ~d ~Iaim~ b~ed on scrio~ geolo~c hazard~ fl~at re:n~ u~esotved at Li~l¢ Clod, n~th~ L~i~ nor Coklcy ud~ess d~c min~ t~.iings on Lot 2. On Au~ 18, 2000, Be~:h Env~men~, LLC co~cd for ~wie fl~at Ch¢n No~em's testNgs ~at¢d ~at ~ ~ fo~" ~¢y ~e ~bject to "loach[~g~ at Zoxic 1~1~ of 0S,.,"13/2005 11:27 FkX 89/13/2805 85:11 SCH~4UESER GORDON *LPZ HOLDiN~$ ~ 007,,,"003 P~E 07 Mr. Lm5¢,¢ Clarke .fu]y 20, 2005 P~g~ 2 on site .... /' including lubroug~ simple lmr~dsm~lme'irrSg~fion. f~t, rl~ cu~n: ~ppl]c~don wou~d ]n~cat~ ~als ~iI] no~ b: r~ov~d, Fom~ ~ Taylo~ objee~ ~o a sm~ng will "d~re~¢ track ~m~c," - ~ch ~¢latmd,- rc~]y the exp~nse of th~ Tayior's ooov~ieno: and We reqttest denial of the application. ~I-~ank MCF/cc ~ew C. F~guson cc: 30h= Ely, Esq. (Vi~' / ~ . l I,a9'13 DISTRICT COURT, PITKIN COUNTY, COLORADO 506 E. Main Street Aspen, CO 8161 ! (970) 925-7635 Plaintiffs: TERRY R. TAYLOR AND CYNTHIA E. TAYLOR Vo Defendants: JOHN R. TUCKER HI, individually and as President of COTTONWOOD GARDENS DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, and COTTONWOOD GARDENS DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, an Arizona corporation, THOMAS E. LEWIS, BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS, PITKIN COUNTY, COLORADO, DOROTHEA FARRIS, PATTI CLAPPER, JACK HATFIELD, MICHAEL C. IRELAND, and SHELLY ROY, in their official capacities only. Matthew C. Ferguson, #25687 Eric D. Musselman, #35976 Garfield & Hecht, P.C. 601 East Hyman Avenue Aspen, Colorado 81611 Telephone: (970) 925-1936 Facsimile: (970) 925-3008 e-mail: fer ~uson (~ ~arfieldhecht.com e-mail: emu s seiman~.garfieldhecht.com J. Lawrence Hamil, g4143 Hamil/Hecht LLC 140 E. 19th Avenue, Suite 600 Denver, Colorado 80203 Telephone: (303) 830-1383 Facsimile: (303) 830-1057 e-mail: lhamil~h-hllc.com EFILED Document CO Pitkin County District Court pth J1 Filing Date: Jul 1 2005 6:25PM MDT i Filing ID: 6137580 Review Clerk: Roya Beklik COURT USE ONLY Case Number: 04 CV 208 Division: 1 This case is NOT subject to the simplified procedures for court action under Rule 16.1 because: Claims against any party, exceed $100,000 (See C.R.C.P. 16.1(b)(2) and (c)). PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF IV. TABLE OFCONTENTS PRELIMINARY STATEMENT INTRODUCTION THE PROCEEDINGS BELOW THE COMPLAINT'S FACTUAL BACKGROUND THE LITTLE CLOUD SUBDIVISION DEVELOPMENT DEFENDANTS' 1990 APPROVAL FOR THE LITTLE CLOUD SUBDIVISION 1. Tucker's General Submission 2. General Submission Approval and Tucker's Detailed Submission 3. Tucker's 1990 Approval 4. Lewis Contract/Lawsuit BOCC ACTIONS LEADING TO RESOLUTION NO. 163-2004 1. Taylors' First Appeal 2. Resolution 019-2004 and the Farris Motion 3. Lewis' Second Access Driveway Permit, the Taylors' Second Appeal and the Gleason Report ARGUMENT A. B. C.R.C.P. 106 STANDARDS OF REVIEW PITKIN COUNTY'S LAND USE CODE (i) General (ii) Avalanche (iii) Slope Stability (iv) Rockfall THE COUNTY DEFENDANTS EXCEEDED THEIR JURISDICTION/ ABUSED THEIR DISCRETION BY AGAIN IGNORING THE LAND SE CODEAND 1041 LEGISLATION AND CONDON/NG FURTHER DEVELOPMENT IN AN AVALANCHE ZONE AND ROCKFALL AREA WITH UNSTABLE SLOPES AND UNRESOLVED SUBSIDENCE ISSUES PAGE 1 4 7 7 7 8 9 10 10 10 13 17 21 21 23 23 25 25 26 26 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) PAGE THE EVIDENCE IN THE RECORD CONCLUSIVELY DEMONSTRATES RESOLUTION NO. 163-2004 AND ITS LINEAGE 1990 APPROVAL VIOLATE THE COUNTY LAND USE CODE ^ND "1041" LEGISL^TION CONCLUSION 38 43 iii TABLE OF AUTHORITIES CASES Amer. Respiratory Care Svcs. v. Manager of Revenue, City & County of Denver, 835 P.2d 623 (Colo. App. 1992) Bruno v. Zoning Board of City of Philadelphia, 664 A. 2d 1077, 1080 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1995) Calvert County Planning Commission v. Howlin Realty Management, Inc., 772 A.2d 1209 (Md. 2001) Cherry Hills Resort Dev. Co. v. Cherry Hills Village, 790 P.2d 827 (Colo. 1990) Colorado Div. of Employment & Training v. Parkview Episcopal Hosp., 725 P.2d 787 (Colo. 1986) Denver Center for Performing Arts v. Briggs, 696 P.2d 299 (Colo. 1985) Ebzerg v. City of Sheridan, 982 P.2d 1251 (Wyo. 1999) Electric Power Research Inst.. Inc. v. Denver, 737 P.2d 822 (Colo. 1987) Godson v. Town ofSurfsMe, 8 So.2d 497 (Fla. 1942) Meyer v. Lakewood Country Club, 220 P.2d 371 (Colo. 1950 O.P. Corp. v. Thomas F. Lewis, 373 So.2d 929 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1979) Robi Enterprises, Ltd. v. Muhlenberg Township, 1982 WL 138 (Pa. D. & C.3d (1982) Stature v. City and County of Denver, 856 P.2d 54 (Colo. App. 1993) Stokes v. Board of Permit Appeals, 61 Cal. Rptr. 2d 181 (Cal. Ct. App. 1997) Travelers Indem. Co. v. Barnes, 552 P.2d 300 (Colo. 1976) Van SicMe v. Boyes, 797 P.2d 1267 (Colo. 1990) Williams v. Smith, 230 P. 395 (Colo. 1924) PAGE 22 39 41, 42 22 22 22 39 21 40 22 39, 40 40 21 42 22 21,22 38 C.R.S.§ 24-65.1-101, etseq. C.R.S. § 24-68-103 C.R.S. § 24-68.105(b) STATUTES iv PAGE passim 41 42 C.R.S. § 24-68-106(3) P itkin County Land Use Code (1985-1993) Pitkin County Land Use Code (2001) 38 passim passim SECONDARY SOURCES 13 Al~. JuR. 2D Buildings § 18 6 A.L.R.2d 960 (1948) Knapp, D., Colorado Civil Procedure Forms and Commentary § 106.5 (2004) PAGE 38, 39 39 22 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Plaintiffs Terry R. Taylor and Cynthia E. Taylor (collectively the "Taylors" or "Plaintiffs"), by and through their co-counsel, respectfully submit this Opening Brief pursuant to C.R.C.P. 106(a)(4), in support of their Eleventh Claim for ReLief, for review of the quasi- judicial actions of The Pitkin County Board of County Commissioners ("BOCC"),2 which enacted Resolution No. 163-2004 (''Resolution 163") (REX. 136; R. 1035~6),3 denying Plaintiffs' appeal4 of the issuance of an access permit to Thomas E. Lewis ("Lewis"), a Miami- based acquisitive developer/litigation contingent-contract buyer of the Little Cloud Subdivision. BOCC's denial paves the way for substantial development, which is strictly prohibited by the Pitkin County Land Use Code, and jeopardizes the life, health and safety of the community, as well as the Taylors and their property. I. PRELIMINARY STATEMENT This is a case about a mountain and an appeal of a BOCC resolution that paves the way for development of property marred by land use approvals in classic "1041" geologic hazard ~ Plaintiffs' Opening Brief addresses their Eleventh Claim for Relief in their First Amended and Supplemental Complaint and Jury Demand ("Complaint") -- C.R.C.P. 106(a)(4) Review against the County Defendants. The Complaint, at ~ 290(f), also pleads that BOCC has failed to date to investigate and undo the erroneous, unsafe and illegal aspects of its prior land use approvals in Resolution No. 90-120. -' Defendant Commissioners Dorothea Farrls, Patti Clapper, Michael C. Ireland, Jack Hatfield, and Shelly Roy, named in their official capacities only, are referred to herein as "Commissioners." Defendants BOCC and the' Commissioners are collectively referred to herein and in the Complaint as the "County Defendants." ~ Page references to the Certified Record on Appeal ("ROA") are identified herein as "R. ." Additionally, the County Defendants were kind enough to also break down the Record by its exhibits, and Plaintiffs will also refer to them as "REX "when the entire document is referenced or it is otherwise appropriate. 4 The Taylors prevailed on their first Pitkin County Land Use Code §§ 3-300-02 and 5-210-010 driveway permit appeal (Resolution No. 019-2004, REX 134) See al~o discussion, infra, at 111. D. 2. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v, John R Tucker, Itl, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.1LC.P. 106 BRIEF Page 2 areas. The Taylors are parties because their home has been sited, unprotected, in avalanche and rockfall zones. Plaintiffs are not here asking that this Court determine whether there is enough evidence in the record to support the County Defendants' denial of Taylor's Second Appeal. Nor are Plaintiffs necessarily focusing on the review or revisiting of the quality of some of COM DEV's5 "factual determinations" as adopted by BOCC in Resolution 163, although an understanding of these "t:actual determinations" and the Record are critical to demonstrate the several, serious legal errors BOCC has committed. Plaintiffs respectfully request that this Court find that the following errors of law occurred below: · First, the primary listed policy of the Land Use Code6 is "to prevent the construction of any improvement...which may subject any person...to natural or man made hazards...create or increase the danger of natural or man made hazards which will effect other improvements activities and lands." R. 1737.7 Resolution 163 directly contravenes this critical policy and compounds prior violative approvals. · Second, another primary land use policy is to prevent development that would "[s]ubject other persons or the County to damages or expenses required to mitigate such hazardous conditions. Id.8 Resolution 163 also directly contravenes this critical policy and regulation. · Third, C.R.S. § 24-65.1-202(2)(a)(III) requires that, in geologic hazard9 areas, "all developments shall be engineered and administered in a manner that will minimize significant ~ Pitkin County Cominunity Development Department ("COM DEV'). 6 Pitkin County 1985-1993 Land Use, Art. 2, § 2-3, which is the Code applied to the underlying approval. The 2001 version states that the "County will prevent any use whirl may subject any person...to natural or man made b~z~rds." Art. 2, ~ 2-80. * Pitkin County 1985,1993 Land Use, Art. 2, § 2-3, 2-3. I, and 2-3.2; It also stated: UNo development or activity shall be permitted in a geologic hazard area which would subject occupants or users...to hazardous conditions...subject other persons or the County to dangers or expenses required to mitigate..." Art. 5, § 5- 401.2(b). ~ Pitkin County 1985-1993 Land Use, Art. 2, § 2.3-3. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry& Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker, III, et aL, Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 3 hazards to public health and safety and to property as to geologic hazards." Resolution 16~ directly contravenes this Colorado "1041" policy, regulatory criteria, and law, and it also compounds prior illegal approvals. * Fourth, Resolution 163 impermissibly seeks to require Plaintiffs to devote a major portion of Lot 1 and, hence, the value of their property, to install, at their expense, an inadequate avalanche protection device, l° expend hundreds of thousands of dollars,~l and forgo their rights in order to allow Lewis -- a speculative contract buyer -- to develop the dangerous Little Cloud Subdivision. The Commissioners' misplaced deference to the stale 1990 Approval led to the denial of Plaintiffs' appeal on these grounds and also results in an illegal ta~ng of Plaintiffs' property without just compensation and would violate key policies and regulations of the Land Use Code and C.R.S. § 24-65.1-101, etseq. · Fifth, Resolution 163 incorrectly and illegally attempts to apply the County Land Use Code and ad hoc criteria in an effort to correct or "mitigate" BOCC's erroneous and illegal 1990 Approval, which is inherently incapable of being corrected, mitigated, and/or squared with any version of the Land Use Code or Colorado "1041" legislative scheme. · Sixth, Resolution 163 violates both Plaintiffs' property rights and the County's own Code and prior Resolution 019-2004 by ignoring specific provisions in the former (and new) Code regarding "1041" hazards, including avalanche, rockfall, slope stability, and subsidence. · Seventh, Resolution 163 directly contravenes the critical underlying policies and specific "1041" hazard regulations and certain development prohibitions. * Eighth, Resolution 163 undertakes to forgo requirements based on ad hoc criteria not contained in the Land Use Code. Colorado law is clear that landowners are entitled to rely on legislatively-adopted land use controls.~2 County Defendants' have illegally applied alternative '~ C.R.S. § 24-65.1-103 defines "Geologic hazards" as a "geologic phenomenon which is so adverse to past, current, or foreseeable construction or land use as to constitute a significant hazard to public health and safety or to property" and includes, "avalanche, landslide, rockfalls and unstable or potentially unstable slopes." ~0 The County's independent expert, Andy Gleason, opined that -- "[t]he wedge shaped wall proposed by [Lewis' expert] does not appear to have the necessary area between the access road and the wall to fully contain the possible volume of avalanche debris, which would pose a hazard to the Taylor house." R. 0878. ,gee, discussion, infra. ~ A rough estimate of the cost by Mr. Meats was $224,000, plus landscaping at an added cost of around $100,000. REX 104. ~2 Squire Restaurant and Lounge, Inc. v. The City and County of'Denver, 890 P. 2d 164, 171 (Colo. 1994) (citizens are entitled not to have settled expectations swept away), citing and quoting, Landgrafv. OS1 Film Products, 114 S. Ct. 1483 (1994). Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John t~ Tucker, IlL et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 4 and ad hoc criteria and political rationale, in erroneous deference to known "1041" mistake~, which are ultra vires.~3 · Ninth, Resolution 163 erroneously ignores and excuses the "1041" requirements contained in its own Land Use Code and in C.R.S. § 24-65.1-101, et seq. · Tenth, Resolution 163 is premised on several findings so devoid of competent evidence in the Record as to constitute legal error; for example, BOCC ignored its own independent avalanche expert. ~4 Each of these legal errors warrants reversal of BOCC Resolution 163:' H. INTRODUCTION ~u~piclon ~h~ i~ h~ ~ept ~o live~ into e~e~nitq. ~X 62. The "city" w~ the "many happy homes" of Assn. Id. ~ese words -- ~ l~cally written many ye~s ago in the Rocky Mountain Sun ~icle "Haunted to Etemi~" -- express ve~ well what is at s~e in this appeal. ~e record reveals Plaintiffs ~d Co~ty Defenders (collectively ~e "Appe~ P~ies") in fact f~dmenmlly agree that the initial approvab md ~er development at Little Cloud arc mi~akes ~ ~at ~e la~er will compound p~t and sefiom I~d me (health ~d safety) t3 For example, Commissioner Hatfield aptly asked how Lewis intended "to address the issue of avalanche along the length of the road" (R. 0812) as required by Resolution No. 019-2004. REX 134. The "explanation" was: "The problem with protecting the rest of the road is site constraints." R. 0813. Commissioner Hatfield voted against the denial, but Resolution 163 simply excuses this avalanche hazard and any mitigation for it -- both in violation of the Code. ~4 For example, an independent expert, Andrew Gleason, advised the BOCC that Resolution 163's avalanche "protection wall" would not contain the avalanche flow of debris headed for the Taylors' Residence. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry' tZ Taylor. et al. v. John R. Tucker. 1ll. et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PI-,AINTIFIVS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF · Page 5 errors. These errors resulted in the approval ora Planned Unit Development ("PUD") for Little Cloud that is prone to several serious geologic hazards that threaten health, lif~, safety and property. As such, this is a very unique C.R.C.P. 106(a)(4) appeal because, in the end, a reversal of Resolution 163 would well serve important and compelling County interests, and would also be completely consistent with the Commissioners' concerns and sentiments. The County Defendants and the Taylors find themselves in this appeal, however, because five (5) very busy commissioners simply (but erroneously) t~lt that they were hamstrung and, hence, somehow powerless to undo the serious mistakes of a long-gone BOcc that -- by every single account in the records below -- mistakenly relied upon Development Defendants'~5 "1041" representations to approve a hazardous (and thus largely illegal) PUD on the edge of the County's jurisdiction with the City of Aspen -- all done in violation of Colorado's "1041" legislation as adopted in the County's own Land Use Code. The BOCC's deference to its predecessors on a past board and this stale 1990 Approval are misplaced. The Commissioners fbresaw that, as between the Taylors and Lewis (and Tucker), they were merely and ultimately selecting-a-"litigation parmer.''j* .All parties knew that ultimately Colorado's judicial system and processes would need to provide the legal analysis and guidance to decide and resolve the complex -- albeit fascinating -- legal, political ~ "Development Defendants" are John R. Tucker, III ("Tucker"), individually and as President of Cottonwood Gardens Development Corporation and Cottonwood Gardens Development Corporation ("Cottonwood"). ~0 Commissioner Ireland: "We're just choosing our litigation partner, you know...We're picking our adversary in this proceeding and that's okay..." R. 0592. The Iaylors bccame the "litigation partner" because immediately after the Taylors won their first § § 3-300-02 and 5-210-010 appeal to the BOCC on February 1 I, 2004 (REX 134), Lewis/Tucker fi]ed a takings proceeding (REX 97) with hearings held on March 10, 2004 (REX 94), claiming well in excess of $3.0 million. REX 97. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. .lohn R. Tucker, IlL et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 6 and factual issues that have accumulated over the last t 7 yearsi? and culminated in this second C.R.C.P. 106 appealIs -- which are critically important to the Appeal Parties, the other defendants and the Aspen community as a whole.19 'lhe BOCC's errant deference to a stale approval and rather misplaced concera over exposure to an expensive takings claim led to this reluctant resolution to deny the Taylors' Second Appeal. Resolution 163 constitutes a clear excess of BOCC's jurisdiction and is the result of serious legal errors because, among other things, Resolution 163 allows for the extensive development of land that is subject to severe "1041" geologic hazards, including dangerous avalanche zones and rockfall areas, complicated by slope stability and subsidence issues. Resolution 163 will further subject current and future occupants and users to hazardous conditions, and will impede the Taylors' ability to properly protect their home that is sitexl squarely by Tucker (due to his errors) in a dangerous avalanche zone and rockfall area, complicated by unstable slopes and unknown mine subsidence issues. Resolution 163 illegally countenances development through known, highly dangerous, avalanche zones and rockfall areas. This compounding of serious errors puts the community and the Taylors in further jeopardy due to clearly avoidable risks -- all in contravention of the Pitkin County Land Use ~7 Annexed hereto as Exhibit "A" in the "Accompanying Appendix of Relevant Exhibits and Data" ("Appendix") is a "Little Cloud Subdivision Timeline" fully referenced to the ROA, which is designed to act as an aid and resource for the Court. }~ Lewis was the first to appeal BOCC Resolution No. 019-2004 (R.EX 134) under C.R.C.P. 106(a)(4) when the Taylors prevailed on their first appeal. R. 0917. lo Commissioner Roy: "iF]rankly we have seen on outpouring by the community. Over a 1,000 people signing a letter...." R. 0163; ROA 0449; REX 64 (1,019 "Friends of Shadow Mountain" signatures to preserve the future of Shadow Mountain.) Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado TerO, R. Taylor, et al. v, John R, Tucker, III, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208- I PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 10fi BRIEF Page 7 Code, BOCC Resolution 019-2004, and C.R.S. § 24-65.1-101, et seq. Plaintiffs respectfull~ submit that the BOCC, in its quasi-judicial actions leading up to and including the enactment of Resolution 163, acted (and failed to act) in a legal manner. As such, it is altogether appropriate and necessary that this Court reverse Resolution 163 and/or direct the County to review the underlying land use approvals.2° HI. THE PROCEEDINGS BELOW A. THE COMPLAINT'S FACTUAL BACKGROUND The Taylors' Complaint contains a very detailed and fairly exhaustive "General Allegations" section, setting forth chronologically most of the pertinent factual background in several titled sections. Plaintiffs incorporate by reference the Complaint's detailed factual allegations herein and respectfully refer the Court to these sections; but will also rely herein on the Record on Appeal.2~ B. THE LITTLE CLOUD SUBDIVISION In 1985/i986, Tucker assembled four patented mining claims (R. 1610), which would become the four lots and common areas of the Little Cloud Subdivision -- the price: $422,500. R. 031 l. Development Defendants remain the owners of Lots 2, 3 and 4 of the Little Cloud z0 It is critical to note that. since the 1990 Approval, Development Defendants have never developed a single lot, and Lots 2, 3, and 4 have remained untouched despite the 1990 Approval that are now 15 years old. Hence, them is nothing to tear down, and the matter is not complicated by intervening development by Development Defendants. 2t The Record on Appeal -- carefully and dutifully prepared at gmat effort by Jcanette Jones -- is found in 5 binders containing 1,881 pages broken out into 235 separate exhibits. The ReA is organized chronologically by BOCC meeting dates, followed by 17 "batches" of materials. REX 142. The Taylors and their counsel express Their gratitude to Ms. Jones for her enormously efficient efforts and her graciousness. Pitkin County DisU'ict Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Tcg,lor, et al. v. John R. 7bcker, 111, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 8 Subdivision. 1L 0021, 0694, 1055. Development Defendants sold Lot I in 1998 to Gaston and Nancy Alciatore for $1.1 raillion. R. 0311. The Alciatores improved Lot I with a 2-story residence structure. In 2000, the Taylors purchased Lot 1 from the Alciatores22 and regularly (but now haltingly and reluctantly) use it as their second home with their twin 6-year-old daughters, Trent and Natalie, for several months per year (the "Taylor Residence"). R. 0021; REX 49. Development Defendants' Lots 2, 3, and 4, the Taylor Residence and the PUD's common areas constitute the "Little Cloud Subdivision." REX 182, 183. Little Cloud is located just south of the Aspen Ice Garden and west of Koch Park at the foot of, and on the lower slopes of, Shadow Mountain. R. 1101, 0338, 0955, 1043. C. DEVELOPMENT DEFENDANTS' 1990 APPROVAL FOR THE LIYI'LE CLOUD .SUBDMSION 1. Tucker's General Submission In or around May 1988, Tucker and Cottonwood jointly filed a "Submittal for a Planned Urban Dcvelopmenf' ("General Submission"). REX. 149, 231. Tucker's and Cottonwood's development team included Wayne Ethridge ("Ethfidge'),23 a then-sitting County Commissioner, (R. 0022, 1360), and land planner, (R. 0022), and Nicholas Lampiris (~Lampiris"). Lampifis purportedly held a doctorate and was held out as the "consulting geologist.' R. 1643. PiPkin County's 1988-1993 Land Usc Code § 5-401.3(0 required a "geologist report' "with particular emphasis on evaluating and predicting the impact of serious geological or haT~rdous conditions on the proposed land use chan~cs and devclopmems.' R. As pointed out by counsel, the Taylors were represented by counsel -- Brooke Peterson. R. 0561. REX 148. Ethridge did tand planning under the company name "Groundwork." R. 1647. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Ter~. R. Taylor, et aL v. John R, Tucker, 11I, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 9 1758. (Emphasis added). As set forth below, Larnpiris and Tucker failed to comply with this rule. 2. General Submission Approval and Tucker's Detailed Submission The PUD received a general submission approval from the BOCC at a hearing on January 24, 1989, and pursuant to BOCC's February 14, 1989, Resolution Number 89-18. ILEX 163; R. 455-457. On December 29, 1989, the Development Defendants, through Etheridge,24 submitted the "Detailed Submission for Little Cloud Subdivision" ("Detailed Submission"). REX 233. 3. Tueker's 1990 Approval The BOCC considered Tucker's Detailed Submission and final plat approval application at hearings held on May 15, 1990, and June 12, 1990. R. 1018. On June 12, 1990, the BOCC approved Resolution Number 90-120, which contained a number of conditions of approval for the detailed submission and final plat for the Little Cloud Subdivision/PUD (the "1990 Approval"). REX 132. Among the conditions of the 1990 Approval was that Development Defendants must "adhere to recommendations made by [] Lampiris..." and that "Ia]Il material representations made in the application shall be adhered to." R. 1021. It is critical to note that Resolution 90-120 contained a flaw in that it omitted the recommendations tbr a berm/trench feature for Lot I. REX 132; R. 1019, 0089.25 24 Development Defendants were also represented by local attorney Gary A. Wright. REX 169. Moreover, in 1993 Tucker sued Ethridge (93CVI43-3) (REX 193-I97), lnaking the instant case the fourth Little Cloud lawsuit. Lewis has also filed a C.R.C.P, 106(a)(4) case against the County Defendants. See, R. 0917. 25 Thus, the Alciatores built thc Taylor Residence sans even this inadequate defense. REX 58 -- this berm/trench ~'would not have provided sufficient protection against the 'design magnitude' 100 year avalanche..." Pitkin County District Court,. State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. dohn R. Tucker, 11t, et aL, Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 10 On April 5, 1991, Development Defendants executed and filed for recording a Plat f(~r the Little Cloud Subdivision/PUD, along with a Subdivision Improvements Agreement and Declaration of Covenants. REX 182, 183. 4. Lewis Contract~,awsnit On or about July 25, 2000, Lewis entered into a Contract to Buy and Sell Real Estate (hereinafter "Lewis Contract':) to purchase Lot 2 from Development Defendants. R. 1395. Lewis' Contract price for Lot 2 was $1,295,000.00. On or about October 12, 2000, in connection with the Lewis Contract, Lewis commenced an action against Development Defendants, styled Lewis v. Tucker. et al., Case No. 00CV287-1, wherein Lewis sued Development Defendants for causes of actions sounding in breach of the Lewis Contract, breach of the Subdivision improvements Agreement and Plat, fraudulent misrepresentation and negligent misrepresentation. REX 198. Development Defendants countersued. REX 199. This division presided. Lewis later agreed to contingently settle the Lewis/Tucker lawsuit by agreeing to purchase Lots 3 and 4, in addition to Lot 2. D. BOCC ACTIONS LEADING TO RESOLUTION NO. 163-2004 1. Taylor's First Appeal On July 8, 2002, just weeks after a June 19, 2002, "Stipulated Motion to Vacate Trial Date and Stay Proceedings" Agreement, in Lewis v. Tucker, et al., Lewis executed and submitted an Access Driveway Development Permit with COM DEV. R 1053. On September 24 and 25, 2003, respectively, the Pitkin County Engineer, Bud Eylar ("Eylar'), and Lance Clarke ("Clarke") of COM DEV approved I,ewis' First Driveway Permit -- which included a comment ?itkin CounD' District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John t~ Tucker, III, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFs' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page l 1 that a "[r]ockfall mitigation plan required before construction can commence" ("First Driveway Permit"). R. 1054. On October 16, 2002, the Taylors timely filed an appeal of the issuance of the First Driveway Permit, in accordance with Pitkin County Land Use Code Sections 3-300-02 and 5- 210-010, and requested a hearing befbre the BOCC. REX 8, 217 (216). Another neighbor, Jay Kuhne, formally joined the Taylors' First Appeal. REX 214, 217. The Taylors contended, among other things, that the initial approval "granted by the BOCC was flawed and the approval ignores ecological, environmental and geological hazards." The Taylors retained two expert/consultants: Arthur 1. Mears ("Mr. Meats") (Avalanche/Natural Hazards Consultant) and David A. Cushman (Engineering Geologist/Edward O. Church, P.E., Geological Engineer) to investigate and provide expert testimony and reports to the BOCC. See, e.g, REX 217, 210, 212,213. Mr. Mears is a recognized expert in avalanche hazards (R. 0076), and is actually cited in Pitkin County's 1985-1993 Land Use Code as a resource for evaluating avalanche hazards here. R. 1752.26 Mr. Mears determlncd that Lot 1 (the Taylors' Residence) is located on thc boundary cusp of red (high hazard) and blue (moderate hazard) avalanche zones. REX 218, 236. Additionally, Mr. Mears found that the driveway "will also be overrun by avalanches" and approximately 350 feet of the proposed driveway access to Lots 2, 3, and 4 crossed avalanche zones. R. 0091.27 Pitkin County 1985-1993 Land Use Code § 5-401-2(d)(2) provided that 2~ Citing to Snow Avalanches in Aspen Area, Pitkin County Colorado (Colorado Geological Survey, Art Meats, t975, Sp. Pub. #7). R. 1752. 27 Pitkin County's (currenl) Land Use Code § 3-80-050(A)(3)(I) provides that roads "shall avoid avalanche areas." Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al, v. dohn R. Tucker, HI, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PI.,AINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 12 "development shall not be accessible only by crossing dangerous [avalanche] areas." R. 1751. On January 15, 2003, Mr. Mears issued a report finding that: The most feasible tbrm of mitigation consists of replacing the current Little Cloud access road with a deep, wide trench as shown on figures 2 and 3... In order to protect all of the house and entry area and most of the la.m/play area on the east of the house, either mitigation system will be approximately 160 feet long. REX 18; R. 0094. On February 12, 2002, Meats testified to the BOCC28 that: As you know, I have consulted for the County before, and the reason I bring that up, is because I am aware that the County is concerned about the safety of residents in the County. So I want to cut through some of the .procedural considerations that we have gone through and point out that Lot I is exposed to avalanches, in my opinion, and I don't think there is much question about that. 1 think everyone here agrees that it's exposed. Because it's exposed, it needs protection. The protection that is available is not ideal, by any means. But the protection, the way I see it, has to take place at the grade of the access road. If the access road is used, for avalanche protection, it can't be used as a road to access Lots 3 and 4. It seems to me that these facts are fairly simple and straightforward. There is no other way that I see, to protect the building. R. 0070. At each opportunity presented to COM DEV start; Clarke (and Eylar) recommended denial of the Taylors' First Appeal. 29 In defending COM DEV's issuance of Lewis' driveway permit and the 1990 Approval, Eylar (the County engineer who was involved in the 1990 *-~ The BOCC held hearings on the Taylors' First Appeal on Novcmber 20, 2002, February 12, 2003, July 9, 2003, August 14, 2003, January 27, 2004, and February 12, 2004. REX 4, 14, 25, 42, 73, 85. The Taylors, Lewis and Development Defendants presented arguments, expert testimony and evidence concerning the geological, legal and mitigation issues raised by the Appeal Parties and Development Defendants. Id. REX 6, 8; R. 0087, 124, 0300, 0624. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker, 111, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.ILC.P. 106 BRIEF Page 13 Approval) responded to the Taylors' First Appeal and suggested to the BOCC that the Taylo~s had illegally consLructed an access gate. REX 201; R. 1414. This caused the BOCC to stop processing the Taylors' First Appeal. In fact, Eylar was found to be wrong, as the Taylors' access gate was always legal. REX 215. At the February 12, 2003, hearing (REX 14), the BOCC directed staff to prepare on analysis of the haTzrds, including: (i) avalanche, (ii) protection of the Taylors' Residence, (iii) lack of berm, (iv) water and toyic materials, (v) wildlife, (vi) slope stability, (vii) rock retaining walls, (viii) tunnels and caves, (ix) trails, and (x) environmental hazards. See, REX 32. On June 26, 2003, Clarke stated that COM DEV "will not be producing a written report in response to the BOCC filing directions...it was determined that County staffdoes not have the expertise to analyze water quality, avalanche, rockfall and similar hazards and that there was no County thnding to consult outside experts." REX 35.30 2. Resolution 019-2004 and the Farris Motion At the January 27, 2004, BOCC final special hearing on the First Appeal, Commissioner Jack llatfield moved to grant the Taylors' First Appeal with conditions, including: "that there is further mitigation relative to rockfall and avalanche..." R. 0584. "[I]t been demonstrated by the record that its, that there's a danger of red zone avalanche..." R. 0586. Clarke acknowledged that, if another permit was issued, such a new permit "would have to show avalanche and rocldhll mitigation for the road." R. 00589. The BOCC hearing was adjourned so as to allow staff time to draft findings of fact relative to the BOCC's findings and ~0 This is a critical admission by COM DEV as to its lack of expertise to deal with the issues they were in fact tasked to deal with in Resolution 163. Moreover, the one expert COM DEV did contact was ignored. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. dohn R. Tucker, II1, et aL, Case No. 04 CV 208- I PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 14 lengthy deliberations' on Commissioner Hatlield's motion to grant the Taylors' First Appea~. REX 73. At a regular February ! 1, 2004, BOCC hearing, the BOCC approved Resolution 019- 2004, which had been drafted by COM DEV staff on the BOCC's specific directions and findings. R. 0600. Resolution 0.19-2004, recorded on February 26, 2004, provides in pertinent part as follows: The BOCC finds that additional information....conclusivel¥ demonstrates that portions of the Little Cloud Subdivision access driveway are within rockfall and avalanche hazard areas to a much greater extent than known or represented at the time of the original subdivision approval... REX 134. (Emphasis added). As will be demonstrated in this appeal, Resolution 163 ignores these conclusive demonstrations. The BOCC further found in revoking Lewis' First Driveway Permit that: "The mitigation proposed in the access permit.., is found to be inadequate." Id. Resolution 019-2004 concluded: The BOCC further finds that health and safety concerns necessitate that if there was any further development of the subdivision that additional l~a~ard mitigation be designed to provide appropriate rockfall and avalanche hazard mitigation for the residences in the subdivision and for users of the access roadway." (Emphasis added), ~ As will be demonstrated herein, the BOCC ignored its own Resolution 019-2004 findings and directives in entering. Resolution 163. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. Jo/mR. Tucker, II1, etak, Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFs' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 15 The BOCC's meetings, befbre the adoption of Resolution 019-2004 on Janyary 23, 2004, are instructive. Commissioners, and specifically Commissioner Farris, expressed grave concerns about representations relating to the 1990 Approval. For example, in addition to the February 12, 2003, BOCC directive to staffto review virtually all aspects of Little Cloud (REX 32, 35), the minutes from the BOCC's August 14, 2003, provide: Also [Commissioner Farris] continued, she would further like to investigate the issue of whether or not there were misrepresentations given previously, whether purposely or not purposely. _She said that she believes that needs to be looked into to pursue whether or not what was approved was based on actual fac__~. ("Farris Motion"). R. 0183. (Emphasis added). BOCC Chairman Hatfield stated -- regarding the Farris Motion -- that the issue befbre the BOCC was only the roadway appeal, but the minutes conclude: Chairman Hatfield said that he thinks that the other issue or' misrepresentations during the original approva'l is huge_ He said that in his mind these are separate issues t?om the [fa'st driveway] permit appeal. R. 0185. (Emphasis added). Commissioner Roy commented as well about the Farris Motion: [/toy] stated, for thc record, that her personal feeling on this is that she finds herself in an unfortunate position. She said that she has to honor what is decided by prior Boards. But, if that decision was made based on untruths,32 she believes she could overturn that. R. 0184-5. On January 27, 2004, after voting to grant the Taylors' First Appeal, Commissioner Farris persisted in the Farris Motion: 32 As demonstrated below, the BOCC has committed serious legal error in believing and holding that "untruths" or actaal fraud are required for it to review the 1990 Approval -- it is in fact merely mistake. See, discussion at § IV. D. infra. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. dohn R. Tucker, I11. et al., Case No. 04 CV 20g-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.ILC,P. 106 BRIEF Page 16 [II have something to say on this issue belbre we're done. We have a lot of people, a lot of discussion that brought up the fact that the process requires additional scrutiny. I have a statement to make and I would like to know if you will accept it as a motion if there's someone who seconds it I would like it to be a motion. I would like to direct our attorney to review the approval process, the original approval process for this subdivision, to see if the application met the required scrutiny for approval. Or, if there was inappropriate or a flawed approval process or inappropriate behavior thus making the approval invalid. I believe there are a lot of people who believe that that occurred. That it did not get the scrut--that would be my motion. I believe there are a lot of people as evidenced by the friends [of Shadow Mountain] who came in and spoke and the discussion during the last three hearings that indicate that there is a feeling of scrutiny of that area for development was not thorough. And, there are those who believe that the process had some flaws. I would like to know if anyone agrees that John [Ely] should be directed to look into it. The Commissioners' discussion that followed (R. 0609-0622) provides some insight into the conundrum they felt they faced (and apparently, eventually, reluctantly and erroneously gave into) -- but all the Commissioners agreed that Little Cloud was a gmat concern and the 1990 Approval was a mistake: Commissioner Clapper: "I think it's a bad place for a sub&ws~on .... 0608-9. Commissioner Ireland: An investigation could help them "learn from mistakes." (R. 0611) "How did the [1990] board make this mistake?" R. 0612. Commissioner Roy: "[Farris'] words to me they resonated with me... I have always hated this subdivision...R. 0613. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. dohn R. Tucker, Ill, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 17 The Taylors have repeatedly requested that the County Defendants take up the Farris Motion. See, e.g., REX 117, at R. 0928; REX 107 at R. 0575-6. As set forth below, the Taylors have also pointed out at that basic common law principles of fraud and misrepresentation do not apply and that the County Defendants only need to find mistakes (not "untruths") in the application and apply the Land Use Code. The Commissioners have "conclusively" found these mistakes in Resolution 019-2004 -- and the Land Use Code requires reversal of Resolution 163 and indeed, much of the 1990 Approval. It is clear that Commissioner Roy's conundrum of"honoring" a past Board's erroneous action (R. 0184-5), has to date led to an illegal failure and refusal by the County Defendants to pursue the Farris Motion. Instead, their enactment of Resolution 163 results in a continuing and serious compounding of the dangers caused by the 1990 Approval in excess of BOCC's jurisdiction. 3, Lewis' Second Access Driveway Permit~ the Ta¥1ors' Second Appeal and the Gleaso,, Report On March 19, 2004; Lewis signed an application form for an Access Driveway Permit which was stamped "received" by the COM DEV April 7, 2004 ("Lewis' Second Application"). cf. REX 1052, 1070. On July 16, 2004,33 Clarke and Eylar approved "Lewis' Second Driveway Permit" subject to: 33 First, COM DEV's files have no documents to indicate that either Clarke or Eylar (or their respective staffs) performed any analyses or that they had met with Lewis or his experts. Second., in letters [o Clarke dated August 24, September 20, and October 4, 2004, the Taylors requested that COM DEV provide any internal staff analyses for the Second Driveway Permit -- and nothing was provided. ..T. hird, Clarke confirmed that there were not numerous meetings between Lewis and his experts and with COM DEV, Eylar or him, and that there are no CO-'-~ DEV docmnents relating to any internal analysis or to any meetings. See, REX 107, at IE 0868. Pitkin County District Coqrt, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. .John R. Tucker. [I1, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 18 · all representations in the April 23, 2004, Letter and Lewis' February 10, 200~, Letter, · $100,000 escrow for Lot 1 avalanche mitigation, and · "bruge (sic) nef' construction details to be approved by county engineers. R. 1052. Lewis' Second Application was "approved subject to the representations in attached letters of April 23, 2004, and February 10, 2004 from Curtis Sanders.''34 R. 1073; R. 1074-76. On August 5, 2004, the Taylors filed an appeal of the issuance of Lewis' Second Driveway Permit ("Taylor's Second Appeal") (REX 117), which resulted in additional submissions by Lewis and Taylor to the BOCC. See, e.g., REX 118, 119, 120, 121, 123, 126, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 111,112, 113, and 114. In a COM DEV memorandum to the BOCC, dated November 23, 2004 (but issued November 17, 2004) it was indicated that the BOCC had directed COM DEV to contact the Colorado Geological Survey "to independently review the materials" submitted by the Taylors' and Lewis' experts in connection with Lewis' Second Driveway Permit and the Taylors' Second Appeal. R. 0757. On November 9, 2004, Andy Gleason, Geologist/Avalanche Specialist lbr the Colorado Geological Survey State of Colorado issued a report to COM DEV for the BOCC. REX 108. Mr. Gleason's November 9, 2004, independent report to the BOCC stated in pertinent part, on the avalanche hazards, that: Both avalanche experts (Mears and Schaerer) agree that the Taylor house is within an avalanche path and needs some type of mitigation to protect it from future avalanche occurrences. Both sides also agree that some type of rockfall mitigation is prudent. Where they differ is the type, extent and size of the avalanche mitigation device and the amount of area needed for the volume 34 Curtis Sanders, ofKrabacher & Sanders, P. C., represented Lewis in the appeals to the BOCC below. Pitkin Count), District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, etak v. John R. Tucker, Ili, etak, Case No. 04 CV 20g-I PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEI* Page 19 of avalanche debris expected with the occurrence of a design avalanche. After reviewing all the reports on the size of the avalanche path, the expected volume of a design avalanche and the proposed mitigation techniques, ! believe that the argumentsss by Arthur I. Mears are more robust than those of Peter Schaerer. Specifically, the wedge shaped avalanche mitigation wall proposed by Schaefer does not avvear to have the necessary area between thc access road and the wall to fully contain the possible volume of avalanche debris, which would pose a hazard to the Taylor house,so This appears to be tree even with Schaerer's proposed cutting of the bank behind the wall. Id. at R. 0878. (Emphasis added). Mr. Gleason's November 9, 2004, report to CaM DEV/BOCC also touched on the rockfall hazards: It appears that the rocks in the potential starting zone are larger than the rocks that have already fallen close to the site. .Some of the proposed rockfall mitigation devices seem to be incompatible with the forces associated with a design avalanche. (Emphasis added). Id. at R. 0879. On November 23, 2004, a special two-hour meeting was to be held before the BOCC to hear the Taylors' Second Appeal. REX I01. Mr. Gleason's report was never addressed by CaM DEV stall' and the BOCC, other than to include it in the November 17, 2004, CaM DEV memorandum and packet, which, as per usual, recommended denial of the Appeal. It was, ss Lewis retained the dedicated services of three avalanche experts, Beat Van Allmen and Peter Lev of Alpentech, as well as Pcter Schaefer. Rex 3 I, 33. s6 See, Mr. Mears who confirms this several ways. See. e.g., REX 60, 46. ("I am certain that sufficient storage volume to contain the avalanche snow does not exist between the proposed access road, fill slope, and the house.") (Emphasis in original). Mr. Meats -- R. 0306. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et at v. John R. Tucker. III, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 20 however, addressed by Mr. Mears. R. 0771.37 Commissioner Ireland observed, following 'a brief executive session, that he did not know how the BOCC would decide the Taylors' Second Appeal. K. 028. Commissioner Ireland, nonetheless, made a motion to consider directing staff to draft a resolution based on a record in support of "its position" so that the BOCC could then consider whether o_~r not to adopt or deny the staff's recommendations in the next open regular BOCC session. R. 0829, 0831. The motion passed 3-1, with Commissioner Hatfield voting *'nay," as he believed that the directive gave staff the wrong direction (a denial) altogether as "substantiated by the record." R. 0831. On December 9, 2004, the Taylors submitted to the BOCC their proposed resolution granting the Taylors' Second Appealfi8 REX 245, 246. This never made the BOCC's packet. REX 130. On the late afternoon of Friday, December 10, 2004, because the Taylors' Second Appeal was a December 15, 2004, BOCC regular meeting agenda item -- COM DEV sent out its packet, which included only its COM DEV's draft resolution denying the appeal. REX 130. 3' Mr. Mears testified about Gleasons' report: "Andy is the member from the Colorado Geological Survey who reviewed my report and Peter Schearer's report and it was a request by Pitkin County to do that and a good idea; you need to have an impartial opinion on this. I believe I'm impartial too. And I'm sure you all believe that I don't care one way or another if the Little Cloud Subdivison goes in. 1 don't live in Aspen, it's not by business, but Andy Gleason is clearly an impartial person on that. Andy has considerable experience in this area. tlc has wide experience in this particular snow climate, he knows what can happen, be is doing PHD research right now, as he is with the Colorado Geological Survey, on file snow pack of Colorado and some of its characteristics....And I agree obviously, with Andy's point of view, which suggests tlaa/yes, there is isn't enough room, which is what I tried to show you with these diagrams and what I've been discussing." R. 0771. The BOCC and its Resolution 163 ibmore Messrs. Gleason and Mears on this issue. 38 PlaintifFs' counsel had received permission from the Count)' Attorney to submit a counter proposed resolution, granting tile Taylors' Second Appeal; R. 0991,0992, and 0993. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Too,lot, et al, v. John R. Tuclter, ltl et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 21 On Saturday, December 11, 2004, the Taylors' counsel sent an e-mail to the County Attome~ objecting to the proposed resolution of denial. REX 247. On December 14, 2004, the Taylors submitted a formal letter to the BOCC outlining in greatcr detail their objections to the proposed resolution. REX 248. See also REX 247. On December 15, 2004, the BOCC, on perceived procedural grounds, rejected even considering (1) the Taylors' proposed resolution, or (2) the Taylors' December 14, 2004, letter objecting to COM DEV's proposed resolution. REX 0987. Instead, Commissioner Farris (as Chair) called for an immediate vote denying the Taylors' Second Appeal (R. 0986, 0988, 0989), but other Commissionem kindly prevailed upon the Chair to allow some discussion, but limited it to COM DEV's proposed resolution. R. 0990. A vote was then taken and COM DEV's proposed resolution was approved by a 3-1 vote -- Farris, Clapper and Ireland voted -- yea, Hatfield voted -- nay and Roy abstained. IV. ARGUMENT A. C.R.C.P. 106 STANDARDS OF REVIEw The standard of review under Rule 106(a)(4) is clear: "Rule 106(a)(4) requires district courts to set aside final orders of an administrative agency if the agency, in the exercise o£ quasi-judicial authority, exceeds its jurisdictions or abuses its discretion." Electric Power Research Inst., Inc. v. Denver, 737 P.2d 822, 825-26 (Colo. 1987). Where, here, a governmental body enters a decision based upon a misapplication of its own law, the court must reverse that decision. Stature v. City and County of Denver, 856 P.2d 54, 57 (Colo. App. 1993) ("A reviewing court is required to set aside the final orders of an administrative agency if the agency applied an erroneous legal standard"); Van ~icMe v. Boyes, Pitkin County Distric! Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. T~wlcer, 111, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 22 797 P.2d 1267, 1274 (Colo. 1990)39 (reviewing court must consider whether the body or officer misconstrued or misapplied the law); Cherry Hills Resort Dev. Co. v. Cherry Hills Village, 790 P.2d 827, 830 (Colo. 1990) (court reversed municipality's misinterpretation of allowable uses in RA-1 zone); Colorado Div. Of Employment & Training, Dept. t~'Labor & Employment v. ?arkvie~: Episcopal Hosp., 725 P.2d 787, 791 (Colo. 1986) ("Administrative construction of a statute should not be adopted where a different construction is plainly required, or where the result reached by the agency is clearly inconsistent with legislative intent"); Tra~,elers Indem. Co. v. Barnes, 552 P.2d 300, 303 (Colo. 1976) ("[w]hen an administrative official misconstrues a statute and issues a regulation beyond the scope of the statute, it is in excess of administrative authority granted"); Meyer v. Lakewood Country Club, 220 P.2d 371,372 (Colo. 1950) (district court may set aside agency decision based on "unwarranted inferences or improper application of the law'~'); Amer. Respiratory (;are Services v. Manager of Revenue, City & County of Denver, 835 P.2d 623, 625 (Colo. App.1992) (district court's C.R.C.P. 106(a)(4) decision reversed and underlying governmental decision vacated on grounds that it improperly construed a taxation ordinance); e.g., Denver Center for Performing Aria' v. Briggs, 696 P.2d 299 (1985) (in reviewing a decision pursuant to Rule 106(a)(4), the interpretation of language is a question of law to be resolved by the court); accord D. Knapp, Colorado Civil Procedure Forms and Commentate' (1996), {}106.5 (C.R.C.P. 106(4)(a)). 3~ "iT]he difficulty a certiorari Plaintiff faces in meeting this standard may be alleviated somewhat by the fact that the reviewing court may consider in determining the existence of an abuse of discretion, whether the BOCC or officers misconstrued or misapplied thc law." Knapp, Debra 13 Colo. Prac. Civil Procedure Forms and Commentary, § 106.5 (2004) (citing Van Sickle v. Boyes). Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. dohn R. TuckEr, II/, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.ILC.P. 106 BRIEF Page 23 The Record is clear, even applying the strict standards of review under Colorado law, that the County Defendants made several serious legal errors, and thus abused their discretion, exceeded their jurisdiction, and acted ultra vires by functioning outside of and in a manner not authorized by the County's land use ordinances, and by substituting ad hoc and subjective criteria that are neither legal nor consistent with County and State law. B. PITKIN COUNTY'S LAND USE COOF, A recitation and discussion of some of the County Defendants' relevant controlling Pitkin County Land Use Code provisions is necessary to demonstrate the BOCC's several and serious legal errors. (i) General Pitkin County 1985-1993 Land Use Code § 5-401 ~, was applicable to all lands within the unincorporated areas ~f Pitkin County, as provided in subsections (1), (2), (3), and (4) of the Land Use Code § 5-401.1. R. 1750. Section 5-401.2(b) provide that: No development or activity ~hall be permitted in a geologic hazard area which would subiect occupants or users of the area to hazardous conditions; create or worsen such conditions affecting other developments, activities, and lands; subiect other persons or thc County to dangers or expenses required to mitigate such hazardous conditions, respond to emergencies created by such conditions or rehabilitate the improvements, activities and lands. R. 1752. (Emphasis added). Similarly, the 2001 Land Use Code § 3-80-030, provides "General Standards" applicable to all Areas of Local and State/1041 Environmental Hazard Areas, including that: C. Development Prohibited: Development is prohibited within an Area of Local and State Interest/1041 Environmental Hazard Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. ~. John R. Tucker, I11, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 24 Area iff (1) Site planning and engineering techniques cannot completely mitigate hazards to public health, safety and welfare.4° (2) Development subjects other persons or the County to dangers or expenses required to mitigate ho?2rdous conditions, respond to emergencies created by such conditions or rehabilitate improvements and lands. § 3-80-030(c)(1)(2). (Emphasis added). Clearly, Resolution 163 violates both versions and all subsections because it (1) allows otherwise prohibited development and in areas that cannot be "completely mitigated," and (2) requires the Taylors to undertake to attempt to protect their home with Lewis' suggested wedge wall that the BOCC's own expert, Mr. Gleason, says is not adequate, agreeing with Mr. Mears. 40 Ireland, on January 27, 2004, spoke forcefully to this issue: "The guy who's not represented at the hearing is the guy who's houses sitting at the house and he doesn't know squat from avalanche because there isn't a word in his or her native language for the word avalanche, you know. And the guy who's delivering pizza I don't think, and I've said this before, I don't think we're going to have a system where he signs a waiver before he runs off with the pizza into the avalanche zone waving his right to be buried. We're The guys that protect those people and those values." And yeah, you do make trade offs. You got to have an Interstate 70 somewhere so there's a risk. But, that's because you have to do it. You don't have to do this particular driveway in this particular manner. There is no compelling societal interest in the cheapest possible driveway through a multi- million dollar subdivision, i was up there. And you know Jack [Haffield] made a great point about the rock and the curve. You 'know, my -- I err, believe I have an obligation to err on the side of caution. And the if we get sued and they're able to, you know, force us to allow the driveway the way it is I'm willing to accept that chance. And I don't harbor any resentment against whoever is suing, either side or if you combine forces. I don't really. I understand that's an economic issue. I feel I want to error on the side of public safe~. R. 0593-4. (Emphasis added). For reasons still unknown, Commissioner Ireland cast the final 3-1 vote on Resolution 163. - Pitkin County District Court, State of COlorado Terry R. Taylor, et aL v. John R. Tucker, IlL et aL, Case No, 04 CV 208-! PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 25 (ii) Avalanche Pitkin County's 1985-1993 Land Use Code § 5-401.2(d), Avalanche Areas, which controls Little Cloud, provided that: (1) The applicant shall show that the proposal is either located in a site free from avalanche danger or is adequately protected by avalanche defenses or structural provisions. (2) Proposals shall .not result in a high concentration of population or activity in areas during periods of avalanche activity and development shall not be accessible only by crossing dangerous area~q. R. 1751. (Emphasis added). Furthermore, Pitldn County's 2001 Land Use Code § 3-80- 050(A)(1), Avalanche Area~ provides: "Development is prohibited within High Hazard Avalanche Zones." Resolution 163 completely contravenes these old and new land use provisions. (iii) Slope Stabili .ty Pitkin County's 1985-1993 Land Use Code 5-401.2(0, Potentially Unstable Slopes, provided: (1) Any development proposal in a potentially unstable slope area shall evaluate the severity of thc slope instability. In extremely hazardous areas development shall be discouraged. In areas of moderate hazard, development shall only be permitted if the applicant assumes the cost of engineering design and constmctioa stabilization and maintenance measures... R. 1753. (Emphasis added.) Pitkin County's 2001 Land Use Code § 3-80-050(C)(2) Potentially Unstable Slopes, provides: "Development is prohibited on slopes greater than thirty p rcent (30¼)... Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry' R, Taylor, et aL v. John R. Tucker. II1, et aL, Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.I~C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 26 (iv) Rockfall Pifldn County's 1985-1993 Land Use Code § 5-401.2 (g) Rockfall Area, provided: (l)Swacmral construction associated with residential ... development shall be prohibited in rockfall areas. R. 1754. (Emphasis added). Pitkin County's 2001 Land Use Code §3-80-050(D), Rockfall Areas, provides that: "(1) Development is prohibited in Rockfall Areas....' R. 1550. Resolution 163 impermissibly and per se violates all of these critical policies and "104l" considerations laid out in the Land Use Code, as well as the specific "1041' provisions in the old and new codes on the geologic hazards implicated here. The severe "1041" mistakes made in 1988-1990 cannot be corrected by the BOCC's further ignoring of the Land Use Code, Resolution 19-2004, and C.R.S. § 24-65.1-101, et seq, with ad hoc mitigation "criteria" rejected as inadequate by its own independent expert from the Colorado Geological Survey Resolution 16Ys attempt to do so is illegal and ultra vires.41 C. THE COUNTY DEFENDANTS EXCEEDED THEIR JURISDICTION/ABUSED THEm DISCRETION BY AGA/N IGNORING THE LAND USE CODE AND "1041' LEGISLATION AND CONDONING FURTHER DEV~ELOPMENT IN AN AVALANCHE ZONE AND ROCKFALL AREA WITH UNSTABLE SLOPES AND UNRESOLVED SUBSIDENCE ISSUES Tucker's consultant, Dr. Lampiris, provided a single letter/report to Ethridge dated June 6, 1988 (the "Lampiris Letter") (REX 232; R. 1643-45), in which Lampiris represented that he had "completed [his] ~eologic investigation for the purposes of House Bill 1041..." Id. Thc "1041" hazard of ground/mine subsidence is discussed below. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John l~ Tucker, Ill. et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 27 (emphasis added).42 Tucker's Genera] Submission, Section 5-100.1, represented to the County that: As evidenced by the geologic report prepared by Dr. Nicholas Lampiris...the property contains stable soils and exhibits good geologic characteristics. The homesites have been selected, based in part, on Mr. Lampiris' report, and all sites and residences will be designed in accordance with Dr. Lampiris' recommendations. Specifically, Dr. Lampiris' report mentions the possibility of rockfall affecting site number one. In addition to specific design features of the homes which will mitigate any potential rockfall ha?ard, the roadway has been designed to intercept rocks before they reach the home.43 REX. 231; ROA 1611. (Emphasis added). There was no basis or legitimate excuse for a Ph.D. and a Shadow Mountain developer to state to the BOCC and COM DEV that Little Cloud had "good geologic hazards." Moreover, this representation should not have been accepted by COM DEV, P&Z or BOCC. Tucker's General Submission, Section 5-100.2(A), (B), also represented that: Dr. Lampiris' report analyzed the geological characteristics of the applicants' property in considerable detail.44 As previously indicated, the applicants will follow the 'geologists' recommendations and those of appropriate county agencies regarding mitigation of any on-site hazards. 42 The Lampiris letter does not set £or~h (i) what Lampiris' "geologic investigation" entailed, (ii) what data he may have relied on, (iff) whether he looked at the County's avalanche and rockfall mapping as required by Land Use Code § 5-401.3(0 (R. 1758) or (iv) what testing, if any, he performed. See, REX 232. This letter was the "f'mal draft of the geologist report." REX 149. 4~ [.irst, as set forth above, residential structural development was and is prohibited in rockfal] areas. Second, the design was changed by Tucker to do away with this "protection." R. 134. Third, a large stretch of the access road and the proposed residences are al__!l in rockfall areas. R. 0783, 0806, 0879; REX 112, 116. 44 Once again, there was no evidence to support Tucker's editorial, and nothing was submitted as to what Lampiris actually did by wa), o£any analyses. REX 232. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker, 111, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.ILC. P. 106 BRIEF Page 28 M. (Emphasis added). Tucker's General Submission also addressed 1041 Special Hazard Review issues (R. 1617-8), with avalanche hazards addressed first as it is in the Land Use Code. id. It bears repeating that Pitkin County's 1985-1993 Land Use Code § 5-401.2 (d) Avalanche Areas (which then applied and controls the Little Cloud submissions) provided that: (1) The applicant shall show that the proposal is either located in a site free from avalanche danger or is adequately protected by avalanche defenses or structural provisions. (2) Proposals shaI1 not result in a high concentration of population or activity in areas during periods of avalanche activity and development shall not be accessible only by crossing dangerous areas. R. 1751. (Emphasis added). Tucker's General Submission represented in connection with avalanche -- a critical 104 i hazard issue45 -- that: 5-401.2(b). Avalanche Areas. As evidenced by the presence of a dense, mature spruce and fir stand, the property exhibits n_._~o history of avalanche activity. Homesites two, three and four are located immediately downslope of this timber stand, and homesite number one, is also marked by the presence of several large trees, further evidence of stable snow conditions. R. 0617. avalanche danger," as (Emphasis added). Tucker was attempting to suggest that the site was "free from required by the Code. The Lampiris Letter represented: Lot #'s 3 and 4 - "iS]now slide hazard is at a minimum because of the general topography and thick cover of conifers on the hillside above the site." Lot 2 - "This site is somewhat more open to .small snow slides..."46 Recommendation: "Small berm/trench feature". 4~ C.R.S. § 24-65.1-103(2) defines avalanche as "a mass of snow or ice and other material which may become incorporated therein as such mass moves rapidly down a mountain slope." Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Too,lot, et aL v. John R. Tucker, I11, et aL, Case No. 04 CV 208-I PLAINTII~FS~ OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 29 · Lot 1 - "This site is susceptible to small snow slides..." Recommendation: Same, but not in Resolution 90-120, discussed sut~ra. REX 232. (Emphasis added).47 Apparently, Tucker was also attempting to suggest that the site was not only free of danger, but that "small slides" could be protected, or mitigated against. All tour experts agree that even had the small berm/trench t'eature made it into Resolution 90-120 and been constructed, it would be inadequate. For example, Lewis and Mr. Schaefer have their 30-foot high, solid, reinforced concrete wedge-wall with gabions. Tueker's Detailed Submission represented, among other things, that: · As requested, the attached letter from Dr. Lampiris...addresses the potential hazards associated with development of the site. Further investigation by Dr. Lampifis led to his conclusion that seepage from the Alabama tunnel was not evident m~d, consequently, of little concern.48 Small snow slides which occurred in the sprine of 1989 had no effect on the proposed · All material representations have been and will be adhered to. R. 1650. (Emphasis added). Rather then "connecting the dots" ~4th such things as these "small snow slides" and the Chen Northern, Inc. report, REX 68, and Mr. Meats' mapping and "1041" requirements, Development Defendants simply managed to push through the PUD. Chert pair of Lewis' experts concluded in May 2003 that: "The real threat is: the rare, but inevitable, large avalanche (large for this particular slope) which takes out the entire snow cover and breaches the small terrain transition bench just below the access road, (IL 0153), i. e., just above the Taylor home. ~? Lewis' experts show the approximate direction of climax avalanche force directly slamming into the Taylor residence. R. 0134. 4g In fact, Resolution 89-18, Para. (I I)(h), required Tucker to "submit a more detailed geologic analysis of potential water seepage...slide potential" -- obviously "slope stability." Instead, Tucker (not Lampiris) spoke to "small snow slides" and avoided addressing the stability issue altogether. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. dohn R. Tuclver. 111, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PIUAINTIFFS' OPENING C.ILC. P. 106 BRIEF Page 30 Northern, Inc. then reported to Tucker, between l'..is General and Detailed Submission: "[I]t is apparent that the steep area located south and uphill of the residence is considered potentially unstable with respect to landsliding or creep. Avalanches and areas having avalanche potential have been mapped on the steep slope area and in one case, appear to impact the proposed building site [i.e., the Taylor Residence]." R. 0488. In their Detailed Submission "summary", Development Defendants stated that "[qhe land use code is intended to provide high quality, environmentally sensitive developments." They ignored the first priority, which is and was safe development. As discussed below, the BOCC now has uncontested and compelling evidence that Lot I (and 2) and several hundred feet of Re proposed access road are in dangerous avalanche zones.4~ See, e.g., REX 79, 101, 103, 108, 111, 119. No one disagrees with these fae~s. Resolution 01%2004 directed that "if there was any further development...hazard mitigation be designed to provide appropriate...avalanche hazard mitigation for the residences in the subdivision [i.e., the Taylors' Residence] and for users of the access road." R. 1031. Resolution 163 ignores the County Land Usc Code and Resolution 019-2004 because it allows a prohibited road (which crosses dangerous areas and not completely mitigated) to proceed to development and unprotected by any avalanche mitigation due to "site constraints." R. 0813. In fact, the BOCC ignored Messrs. Mears and G[eason, who both opine that, not only does the "brugge' netting rockfall catchment device not protect against avalanche (R. 0933) - it can 4~ Annexed hereto as Exhibit "B" in the Appendix are samples of excerpts of various experts' findings regarding the av'alanche hazard_ Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker. 111, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 31 make avalanches more dangerous by adding to the debris field (R. 0778, 0934), or acting as a ramp. R. 0778. Mr. Gieason agrees with Mr. Mears' avalanche mitigation recommendations (R. 0878), which are that: Avalanche mitigation can be achieved by constructing a "trench/wall" structure in place of the current access road...or a "roof ramp" structure approximately 150-200 feet long... The roof ramp structure would protect the Taylor house from avalanches and rockfali. REX 119, at R. 0934. (Emphasis in original). Mr. Gleason thus also agrees with Mr. Meats (R. 0878) that the "Avalanche mitigation of the Taylor house cannot be achieved by the wedge-shaped retaining wall discussed [by Lewis' experts]." Id. Resolution 163 not only ignores these experts, but it allows the access road to cross prohibited dangerous areas - w/thout avalanche protection -- directed by Resolution 019-2004 and prohibited by the law. It bears repeating that Pitkin County's 1985-1993 Land Use Code 5-401.2 (f), Potentially Unstable Slopes, provided: R. 1753. (1) Any development proposal in a potentially unstable slope area shall evaluate the severity of the slope instabilits~. In extremely hazardous areas development shall be discouraged. In areas of moderate hazard, development shall only be permitted if the applicant assumes the cost of engineering desit, n and construction stabilization and maintenance measures... (Emphasis added)rio Tucker's General Submission represented that: 50 Pitkin County's 2001 Land Use Code § 3-50-050 (1) -- provides simply that "Development is prohibited on slopes greater than thirty percent (30%).. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker, 111, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINT~'~S' OPENING C,R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 32 5-401.2(p). Potentially Unstable Slopes. All homesites are located on stable, low to moderately - sloping sites, consequently no impact on slope stability is expected as a result of construction of the residences. The access road traverses some areas that are steeply sloped. While the soils are known to be stable, special roadway construction techrfiques are proposed to mitigate any potential negative effects on slope stability. R. 1617-8. (Emphasis added). The Lampiris Letter and Development Defendants thus only raised unstable slopes as a possible issue as it related to road cons~a-uction~ and then represented that "no impact would occur due to residential construction.''5~ Lampiris noted that, as to Lot 3: "it is important to conduct a factor of safety analysis on the hillside where the toe will be removed." R. 1644. This has never been done. R. 1551. Lampiris also noted that the access to Lots 2, 3, and 4 "will need to be engineered along a fairly steep, but relatively stable hillside.''52 Id. Leads' geotechnical experts, CTL, has disagreed with Lampiris/Tucker and reported that: "mosI slopes are sIeeper than 30 percent and should be considered unstable." R. 1444. CTL also reported that a "cut face" -- "has failed and assumed an inclination of approximately 65 percent which appears to be near an equilibrium between stability and failure." Id. 53 Finally, in direct contradiction to Tucker's representations, CTL reported to Lewis, in September 2002, that excavation for residential construction "will involve the risk of activating a comparatively large-scale slope failure or undermine existing rock outcrops causing a significant rockfall -~ Annexed hereto as Exhibit "C" in the Appendix are samples of excerpts of various experts' conu'adictory findings regarding unstable slopes. ~z Tucker never explained what "relatively" meant, nor is it a term of art in the Land Use Code or in C.R.S. § 24- 65.1-I01, et seq. 53 CTL also reported that the failure-- I0-15 foot vcrtical scarp - is imminent. R. 1'!.44. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. do/m t~ Tucker, 11/, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208- I PLAINTIFFS~ OPENING C,R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 33 event..." R. 0366. Critically, and absolutely, ignored by COM DEV and the Commissioners, Tucker had represented to the 1988 BOCC and P&Z, that "[t]here are no geologic conditions which will act to make this [access road] design any more difficult then elsewhere in the County where hillside roads must be built." R. 1116. Resolution 163 itself establishes the fallacy of this statement. First., despite direction to protect the road from avalanche,54 Lewis has somehow prevailed upon the BOCC to ignore Resolution 019-2004, C.R.S. § 24-65.1-101, et seq., and the Land Use Code by simply asserting that the site is too "constrained" to protect the road from avalanches.-s~ Second, the fact that heavy metal "brugge''56 netting (6-12 feet high) is now being considered to protect several hundred tEet of the roads7 from rockfall is positive proof that (a) Tucker/Lampiris were dead wrong that this was "any more difficult," and (b) the County Defendants and Resolution 163 ignore and would violate the Land Use Code. Third, Tucker, Lewis and the County Defendants will be hard-pressed to find any precedent for an Aspen subdivision access driveway requiring 340 feet of reinforced, 6-12 foot high, metal "brugge" netting along its length, and also for a downtown Aspen subdivision requiring massive avalanche walls58 that inadequately protect portions of homes. Lewis has also _s4 Resolution 019-2004 directs that "additional hazard mitigation be designed to provide appropriate rockfall and avalanche hazard mitigation for the residences and for users of the access roadway." IL 1031. .~5 Schaerer: "The protection of the Little Cloud driveway is severely hampered by site constraints." R. 0887. See ala'o R. 0183 (Sanders: "The problem with protecting the rest of the road is the site constraints."). 56 R. 0770 Geo Brugge -- is a Swiss based engineering company and manufactures and markets various types of rock catchment devices. 57 R. 1093. ss Lewis' expert testified that the wail, however, would have to be 30 feet high to protect the Taylor Residence. R. 0802. Mr. Gleason agrees with Ma. Meats that even this wall is still not sufficient protection. R.. 0878. Pitkin County District Court, Stale of Colorado Ter~. R. Taylor, et al. v. dohn R. Tucker, 111, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R~C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 34 demonstrated that Development Defendants and Lampiris59 failed to identify the actual and true nature of the site's slope stability hazards or misrepresented and/or purposefully dox~mplayed the actual and true nature of this geologic hazard in order to assure development approval. Resolution 163 ignores the Land Use Code and would allow development to continue despite the clear slope stability issues and the prohibition against development in areas with 30% slopes. It also bears repeating Pitkin County's 1985-1993 Land Use Code regarding, Rockfall Area: (1) Structural construction associated with residential ... activity shall be prohibited in roekfall areas. § 5-401.2(g). (Emphasis added). Pitkin County's 2001 Land Use Code §3-80-050(D)(1), Rockfall Areas, succinctly provides that: "Development is prol)ibited in Rockfall Areas." R. 1754. (Emphasis added). Tucker's General Submission in connection with 1041 Hazard Review represented that: 5-401.2 (g). Rockfall Area. No homesite is proposed in the "drop zone" of a rockfall area, and the dense evergreen vegetation on the site provides material which might reach the area from adjacent property. Site number one, while located the greatest distance from any rockfall source, might, in extreme circumstances be exposed to moderate rock_fall hazard ..... The retaining wall on the north side of the access road abutting the ~* Seventeen years ago, Lampiris concluded his June 6, 1988, letter by stating: "1 believe that it is important that I be present during staking of each building site, and the suggested landscaping features, because they are so important to the project." Lampiris now lives in Mexico, and the evidence is overwhelming that there is no amount of"landscaping" that will protect the Little Cloud and the people living and working there. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry t~ Taylor. et al. v. dohn t~ Tucker, II1, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPF~NING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 35 R. 1618. that: property has been raised to a height of three and one half feet to intercept any rocks which, under extreme circumstances, might be dislodged t?om Shadow Mountain. This higher section of retaining wall and the angle of the roadway will serve to divert material from the residence. The proposed landscaping6° has been placed to provide additional protection. (Emphasis added.) The Lampiris Letter had represented, regarding rockfall hazards, Lots 3 and 4 - "[R]ockfall...hazard is at a minimum because of the general topography and the thick cover of conifers on the hillside above the site. Lot 2 - "This site is somewhat more open to...minor rockfall than the previous two [lots]." Recommendation - "a small berm/trench feature.., around the rear of the home." Lot I - "On an essentially flat site at the base of the hillside..." Recommendation - same. R. 1644-5. Tucker represented to the P&Z and the BOCC Pitkin that no homesite is proposed in the "drop zone" ora rockfall area. R. 1618. This slight of hand led to an "end ma" of the then -- and still -- absolute prohibition of "residential structural construction" in rockfall areas. Lewis' own expert, Liv Bowden of CTL, aptly testified in the Second Appeal as to the rockfall at Little Cloud: "And you have to realize that the rockfall that's been going on, on that site [Little Cloud], is something that has been happening for thousands of years -- ten thousand years anyway." R. 0806. (Emphasis added).6~ There can be no innocent explanation for a Ph.D. to have reported as Dr. Lampiris did. Resolution 163 erroneously and illegally ignores 60 This might explain why Lampiris had been keen on being present for landscaping. See, REX. 147. 6} Photographs of rocks on the slopes of Shadow Mountain and in Linle Cloud can be found at R. 1553-4; 0954. Pitl~in County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, el al. v. John R. Tucl~er, I1l, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208- l PLAINI'IIq~'S' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 36 the gross misrepresentations about rockfall at Little Cloud, despite the absolute prohibitions, these misrepresentations simply clear the way for illegal residential related construction in rockfall areas, violating the old code and the new code provisions. R. 1550, Development Det~ndants' I988 suggestion that specific "design features of the homes...will mitigate any potential rockfall hazard...," constituted a tacit admission in and of itself of a "1041" violation and presaged that this development is in fact illegally approved in prohibited and dangerous rockfall areas. R. 1611. On May 12, 2003, Lewis' engineering consultant, CTL, succinctly advised Lewis that: "the access driveway for [Lots 2, 3, 4] and the [Taylor] home on Lot 1 are in a rockfall area." REX 30. This too is prohibited. Neither version of the code used the term "drop zone." Moreover, the fact that, in 1988, Dr. Lampiris even suggested mitigation for the homes -- and in 2005, Lewis proposes a 340 foot-long "rock catchment device" or a "brugge" net62 (R. 1093) -- establish de facto violations of the Pitkin County Land Use Code. Resolution 163 ignores the applicable prohibitions against development in rockfall zones (but allows that Lewis has complied with a driveway permit and with ad hoc criteria of "increased mitigation for rock fall") (R. 1035), which are "incompatible" with the forces of a design avalanche (R. 0879) and, according to Mr. Mears, would serve to exacerbate the avalanche debris flow. R. 0934. The 1985-1993 Land Use Code 5-401.2(n), Ground Subsidence, provides: (I) In extremely hazardous areas structural development shall be avoided...(2) In moderate hazard areas engineered design and construction shall be approved by a qualified engineer or geologist and as part of the site plan. s2 Mr. Mears has given the opinion that "the design rock fall fence" would need to be 11.13 feet high in order to be effective as against rockfall. REX 119 at R. 0933. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker, 111, el al., Case No. 04 CV 208-I PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.ILC.P. 106 BRIEF Page 3 7 Lampiris said very little about this "1041" hazard despite the honeycomb of mine tunneling in the area: Lot 2 "is a bench formed by old mining tailings workings out of the old Alabama Tunnel...the tailings have been in place a long time and should be fairly stable, but site specific soils engineering will be necessary." R. 115. Tucker's General Submission represented that this "1041" subsidence hazard is "not applicable to this application" (R. 1619) -- and until now has gotten away with this falsehood. In 2002/2003, David Cushman reported to the BOCC: "The mine subsidence issue is curiously not addressed by Lampiris, even though mine workings and tailings piles are mentioned." REX 210, at R. 1461. CTL has stated about this "1041" hazard that: "We recommend excavating exploratory pits in the suspected mine adits..." REX 29. CTL also conducted earlier Subsidence Analyses for Kuhne/Taylors, in 1998/2002: Previous mining activity is evident by the presence of a mine spoils pile on Lot 2 with some of the spoils along the south edge of Lot 20. It appears that an abandoned adit is above and behind the spoils pile. Areas above the old mine adit may be subject to subsidence. Thc mine spoils may be considered an environmentally hazardous material. R. 0022. This hazard not yet even studied, and yet in violation of its own Code, C.R.S. § 24- 65.1-101, et seq., Resolution 163 denied the Taylors' Second Appeal and cleared the way for development over extensive and potentially dangerous mine works and hazardous materials. See, R. 1571 -- map of area's expansive mine works and tunnels, and CTL Report to Lewis. REX 29. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Ter~. R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker, HI, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAIN'I'iI~'FS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 38 D. THE EVIDENCE IN THE RECORD CONCLUSI~ELY DEMONSTRATES RESOLUTION No. 163-2004 ANO ITS LINEAGE 1990 APPROVAL VIOLATE THE COUNTY LAN~0 USE CODE AND "1041" LEGISLATION Applicable legal authofity required BOCC to grant ',he Taylors' Second Appeal and revoke thc dfivcway permit (and the PUD approvals themselves) based upon not being informed aborn dangers to public health and safety. In Williams v. Smith, 230 P. 395 (Colo. 1924), the Supreme Court held that an approving body can revoke an approval where there was "additionai information to that body showing danger to health and safety, of which its members were not informed at the time of the resolution." Ia~ at 396. This appeal has an evidentiary record replete with such "additional information" not known (or made known) to thc BOCC at the time thc1990 Approval was granted. It is instructive that C.R.S. § 24-68-106(3) provides that the vested fights statute docs not preclude judicial determination "based on common law principles" of whether (or noO a vested rights property exists. Furthermore, it is generally accepted that: * A building permit issued in violation of law or under mistake of fact confers no right, and may be revoked upon discovery of the error, even after building operations have begun. o No vested fight can be acquired under a building permit obtained by fraud or misrepresentation; good cause consequently exists for the revocation of a building permit when the application for thc permit contained a material misrepresentation regarding the plans and specifications for the structural portions of the building. 13 Am. Jut. 2d Buildings § 18. Likewise, as noted in 6 A.L.R. 2d 960, (1948): * Generally speaking, a permit issued under mistake of fact or in violation of law confers no vested right or privilege on the person to whom the permit has been issued, and Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker, HI, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 39 may be revoked, notwithstanding he may have acted upon it, and any expenditures made in reliance upon such permi~c are made at his peril. Particularly apt in this litigation is: § 8. Fraud or misrepresentation by permittee, which proves that: The general proposition has been frequently stated (as would seem clear from the broad role stated in § 3, supra), that no vested right can be acquired under a building permit obtained by fraud or misrepresentation. A permit issued under a mistake of fact confers no vested right or privilege and may be revoked at any time. Ebzerg v. City ~'Sheridan, 982 P.2d 1251, 1257 (Wyo. 1999) ("a permit issued under a mistake of fact confers no vested right or privilege and may be revoked at any time"); Bruno v. Zoning Board of City of Philadelphia, 664 A.2d 1077, 1080 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1995) (applicant must show "good faith throughout the proceedings"). In Bruno, the city denied a variance, but staff erroneously issued a written order otherwise. The applicant then proceeded to build on this erroneous "basis." The applicant was later found not to have had good faith reliance. Here, thc facts are even more compelling because Tucker misrepresented t~acts regarding the several critical hazard issues that affect life and safety. Whether those misrepresentations were criminal, fraudulent, or totally innocent is of no moment -- especially when life and safety are at stake. Thus, cases where misrepresentations have been made by the applicant are highly instructive to this appeal. In O./~. Corporation v. Thomas F. Lewis, 373 So.2d 929, 930 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1979), the Florida Court found that the evidence supported a finding that the Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor. et al. v. John R. Tucker, III, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIF+F Page 40 development application contained material misrepresentations regarding plans and specifications. In O.P., the "misrepresentation" was simply a failure to properly execute engineered specifications for a 12-story building. Not surprisingly, the developer's defense in O.P. was that the Village had approved the development. The Court held that the approval could be revoked due to the misrepresentation in the permit application process. A Pennsylvania Court also upheld a township's revocation of an occupancy permit where it was issued based upon "a false and misleading application." Robi Enterprises, Ltd. v. Muhlenberg Towr~s'hip, 1982 WL 138, 27 Pa. D & C 3d. 121,129 (Pa. Com. Pl. 1982) ("It is clear that a permit issued illegally, or under a mistake of fact, or under circumstances amounting to deceit confers no vested right or privilege upon the [applicant] notwithstanding reliance upon the permit.") In Robi, the applicant had misrepresented the intended use of the premises. In another case, a Florida town council that discovered the building of a hotel would result in a violation of 40-foot ocean set back ordinance could properly rescind its approval and a building permit. God,'on v. Town of Lgur.~vide, 8 So.2d 497, 498 (Fla. 1942) (approval provided express condition "all facts stated in the application are true..."). Here, BOCC Resolutions 89-18 and 90-120, both state as to Little Cloud that: "All material representation in the application shall be adhered to." In God~'on, the high watermark had moved -- through no fault of developer -- and yet the Florida Supreme Court still found that revocation was proper. A core purpose of the Pitkin County Land Use Code is "To protect the health, safety and public welfare of Pitkin County residents and visitors." 2001 Land Use Code § 1-40-050. PitkJn County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor. et al. v. dohn R. Tuclter, II1, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-! PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 41 As a policing mechanism, the Code also provides that development approvals for single-family dwellings "may be revoked.., if terms and conditions of approval have not been met." 2001 Land Usc Code § 4-140-20. Similarly, an approval ora site-specific development plan may be revoked or suspended and vested rights forfeited, if the applicant does not "fully abide by the terms of any conditions of approval." Land Use Code § 4-140-10. Tucker/Lewis may argue that they have or will comply with all such conditions -- however, their problems run much deeper and to the very essence and sanctity of Pitkin County's land use approval process itself and the enactment of"1041" legislation. In 1988-1990, Tucker must have known that if he was fulsome about the nature of the geological hazards, he ran the risk that the approvals he sought would be denied. See also C.R.8. § 24-68-103 (providing that "failure to abide by terms and conditions will result in a tbrfeiture of vested property rights"). Those "terms and conditions;' contemplated here are ones ,,to protect the public health, safety and welfare." More recently in 2001, a Maryland court upheld a county commissioners' revocation of an approval where it had been misled into believing that all adjacent property owners had given a written consent to a re-subdivision of a rccreation area. Calvert County Planning Co~nrnission v. tlowlin Realty Management, Inc., 364 Md. 301, 772 A.2d 1209 (Md. 2001). That Court held: An agency, including a planning commission, not otherwise constrained, may reconsider an action previously taken and come to a different conclusion upon a showing that the original action was the product of fraud, surprise, mistake, or inadvertence, or that some new or different factual situation exists that justifies the ditl~rent conclusion. Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker, 1tl, et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R,C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 42 Id. at 1223. It is most interesting to note that the Maryland court upheld the countY commission's revocation finding that the body did not need to prove a civil or criminal fraud, but merely that the development approval was based on a "mistaken belief...induced by the applicant's representation that proper consents had been obtained..." Id. Here again, the facts are more egregious and indeed go to public health, safety and welfare, which were not implicated in Calvert. In 1997 San Francisco's revocation of a building permit was upheld as proper where substantial evidence supported a finding that the city was misled by applicant's misrepresentations. Stokes v. Board of Permit Appeals', 61 Cal. Rptr. 2d 181, 186 (Cal. Ct. App. 1997) (owner represented that building was an active bathhouse when in fact it was vacant). The fact that the applicant had spent almost $400,000 in improvements based on reliance on the approval was not enough to estop the city's revocation. The court found that because the city had not been apprised of the facts, there were no vested rights. Id. There is a codified exception to the Colorado prohibition of subsequent regulations against vested rights ~- which have likely expired here in any event. C.R.S. § 24-68-105(b) provides that vested rights do not inure to the benefit of an owner: Upon the discovery of natural or man-made hazards on or in the immediate vicinity of the subject property, which hazards could not reasonably have been discovered at the time of site specific development plan approval, and which hazards, if uncorrected, would pose a serious threat to the public health, safety, and welfare. As the development applicant, Tucker/Cottonwood Gardens were charged with identifying, evaluating and mitigating, among other things, geological hazards. Instead, Pitkin County Pitkin County Districl Court, Slate of C{florado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. John R. Tucker. II£ et al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 43 never had true and accurate information as to the very existence, nature, and true scope of four geological hazards implicated on the slopes of this mountain, all of which "pose a threat to public health, safety and welfare." These natural hazards are clearly on and in the "immediate vicinity" of the Little Cloud Subdivision and were supposed to be studied and addressed squarely and fairly by the Developer Defendants. Resolution 163 cannot legally undo these errors based on ad hoc criteria and worse -- by purporting to mitigate same in contravention of the County's own expert's advice. V. CONCLUSION [Thc b,,e lefit ,~n incJellkle imp'r'es~ion upon 'kine min~ OlC 'khe h~'r,j§ pioneem Ol~ 'k~o~e t::Jat~, who~e ~u~.,c,w~ul 'r,e¢ollccJr. ion~ oF 'khe 'ker~ible mis'[orq:unes cause them 'ko ~peak in ~aJ 'ke'r,m~ oF 'khe REX 62. These "indelible impressions" have unfortunately faded a bit -- but Colorado's "1041" legislation is meant to counter our recurring ignorance of and lack of respect for the much different geologic clock. For the foregoing reasons, thc undisputed Pacts and reasons before this Court manifestly establish that the County Defendants clearly exceeded their jurisdiction, committed legal errors, and violated their own land use codes, C.R.S. § 24-65.1-101, et seq., and Resolution 019-2004 in thc enactment of Resolution 163. Accordingly, the Taylors respectfully request that this Court reverse the decision of the Board of County Commissioners as found in Resolution No. 163-2004 and direct the County to ti) comply with the Pitkin County Land Use Code and § 24- Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Taylor, et al. v. .John R. Tucker, II1, el al., Case No. 04 CV 208-1 PLAtNTIlZFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 44 65,1-101, et seq., fbr any fiature development at Little Cloud, and/or (ii) direct the County determine the legality of the remaining Little Cloud Approvals. Dated tiffs 1st day of July, 2005. Respectfully submitted, GA RFI EL2~//fi~/~i~CHT, P.C. MatO{9~ ¢ Fe~guson, A.R. #25687 J. Lawrence Hamil, A.R. ~4143 ATTORNEYS FOR PLAINTIFFS TERRY R. TAYLOR AND CYNTHIA E. TAYLOR ON THE BRIEF: Matthew C. Ferguson J. Lawrence Hamil Eric D. Musselman Pitkin County District Court, State of Colorado Terry R. Faylor, et aL v, doh. R Tucker, 1li, et al,, Case No. 04 CV 208- I PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF Page 45 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I hereby certify that on July 1, 2005, a true and correct copy of the foregoing PLAINTIFFS' OPENING C.R.C.P. 106 BRIEF was served on the following via Lsxls-NSXlS FILE AND SERVE: Alan C. Friedberg, Esq. Pendleton, Friedberg, Wilson & Hennessey, P.C. 1875 Lawrence Street, Tenth Floor Denver CO 80202-1898 Stanley L. Garnett, Esq. Brownstein Hyatt & Farber, P.C. 410 Seventeenth Street Twenty-Second Floor Denver CO 80202-4437 Christopher G. Seldin, Esq. Pitkin County Attorney's Office County Attorney 530 East Main Street, Suite 30t Aspen CO 81611 J. Lawrence Hamil, Esq. Hamil/Hecht LLC 140 E. 19th Avenue, Suite 600 Denver, CO 80203 113787_1 Michelle~Hyde eT/22/28B5 11:34 S5492742~r~ ERO:~,I~,RD M'ARIN£ ~O~-~l-~e~ B9: ~ FROM-' TOt ~?t August 18; 2000 Tom Lewis Lewis ~operty l~nvisiors, Inc. [/925 S.W. 148th Street Miami, Florida 33176 Via fac.~imile @ 1-305-582-1333 De.~r Tom: Lot 2 Little Cloud Subdivision At your request, ! ha'ye undertak~.a and completed a review' of the in£ormatl.on provid~ to me relatNg to the re.iht ~lMgs and geolog~ or Lot 2, Little Cloud Subdivision, in ~pm~ Colo~do; As a pa~ of my w0&, I ~viewed pNo[ i~por~s f~m the geot~hnical ~ngin~ng firm of ~gn-Nor~crn, autho~d by rcglstcr:d prof:,sion~ engine, sous, d~l log und S~cmr~s Di~i*ion of Ken R. White Comply, Fo.llovang my ~:evle,v of the information, 1 completed a brief site Visit which allowed me to form the £ollowing conclusion: th* mine tailings v~aste pile that remains on Lot ~ does not pose a stgruific'anl en~,ir~nmgntal risk or ~azarrl ann does not result in a finding of environmental degraS~tlo, a to the site. Nlor=ovm-, the ,~ite n:conn~tiSsancc Supports a Gndln~g that [hm'~ is no str~sse, d v=g'ctu£ion or other indicators o£ degradation occurring, there ,,yore no obvious mutcrials stored or . dumped on site, narrow ]eof cottonwood trees are growin g through the'ta, iliz,.gs p~- and m'em~ adjacent to the t~ilings pile are replete with vegetation typical o~ this area. The resulu~ of Chcn-Noahera's tc~ting indicates t~¢ taUing~ are benign in dry ~ocrn but m'.ty leach out toxic levels o.f.' carrain minerals if allowed lo remain on-sim '*nd am .~ubjaet to nautlnc irrigat~0n in t}~c future. ~,Vh~le the CJ'~en report sugge, zrs spmding thc soils and then burying them with ~'opsoi. I, or digging a pi~ and burying thc tailingS. I would recornn~nd against this approach. Rather, 1 would recommend the bulk of the tailings be ~:ernoved and dl.tpo.~ed of at the Pitkin County landfill or other licensed disposal sire. Remova! of the !oilings would create a much reliable and lasting remediation and would lessen the potantial for future problems related m leaching minerals being u-unspotted to other prope~i~. Tl~e soils report indicate..~ the tailings materials are not suitabl~ for use in st~ctu~:-,d uppllc,,t[o~lx due to sba. lc coutent '-,nd thc~:efo~e do not appear to ha'~e much value to the property. In addition, the constituency of the shale talus ~aakes it pron~ to creep and the report sugg'csts tho tN.lings piJe could heed.urn unsmb].¢ ii satu. tated by rain or anew. Therefore, k may bc reason--bt= to r~quest the s=llmr rcmov= thc tailiug~ £~am Lo~ 2 prior ~o completing thc.a-ansacdoa. RdS-~I-RO~O 09:.5.3 FROM: 954~27~?~ ~RO~ARD ~IAR2NE T0:9' ~5 9561 BBA~ ~'NRqR, ONqFf, ENTAL, LLC August 1 F,,, 2000 Con.geq~e~ntly, it may tx: poxsiblc for you to complete your purchase without any further ass. efsment or ~nalyses of the property-or t~lin~. However, you should be aware [hat a potcntial leader may requ~e the completion of a comprchc~ive Ph~e . f Environment~ Site Ass~sment and rh[s wor~ could be completed by my firm wi~in ap~oximaely ~0 days from autbodTmtion~ I do not sasp~t th2 ESA will produce auy addido~a~ conc~s with ~he si~e though si~tt I have compiet~ ESAs recently on prope~es in bo~ d~cfions adjacent to the Little ~oud Subdlvi~om If you decide tO proceed with your purchase ,'tad wish u~ to c~o~plet¢ additional work, including the removal of the re{ne tailings, pie-use fecl free to give me a call. I will make my.~elf available to ari~.wer any quesdor~ you may have. Sincerely, By G , CF.S, CEI PfinoipaW-~ 02i%1,01 08...']o.,,2 06 1] 28 FAX ~]0 S~6 5848 SCH~,IUESER GORDON ~F~ 002,,"009 LE IS PROPERTY iNV STOiKS, 750 i~ .W,. 7'r ~ AVE, DAb,;I.~. B EAC J'~, FL ~3004 FACSIMILE TllANSMITTAL SHEET LLC Bud .E,ly: Tom E. FAX NUMBER: (PTO) 920-5374 Aught 1~, 2005 Go~ TOTAL NO. OF PA~ES INCLUDING CO.R: PHONE NUMBER; ~D~'; REFe~N:; HUM~ 9 o-5 G Keg ~= Clmud Sub~ YOUR RE~NCE NUMBER= · Lot 1 ~a~:d ~=ll NO ~ ~=8/COMMEI~FF$: It w~.: ~- plcz~'o_'~: m~timg you thc othe. r dy md I look fo~d m =o~ ~ you on ~c :=pons¢' :o ~f~tb~ F=~son's le~= ~d J~y 20, 2005 ,t~g ~e Lot 2 ~ Mo~ Pr,,,Rt ~ ~ed pzof~o~ ~n~, so~, dH~ log ~d zms on ~t 2 ~ not po~e · M~cm~ ~mm~ ~g of en~tonmm~ d:~zdx~on ~ ~e ~m" ~ ~t to~c ~ ~ I~ on: of ~c ~e pflc B~h ~n r~tc~:es his 5~a~ ~nd ~ if ~l~ ~ w :~;~ ~-~ ~d =re sub]cc: to~ ~c ~ M~,~ P~: ~d ~: scope of ~ork =~ G~ B~ ~d St~ P~=~ ~t ~= ~ ~l~ oa ~t 2 do not po,c zn ~o~ ¢$.,"13Z2005 1l 2S F;,;,,: S70 5S4£: 2¢Ht,IUESER ~ORDON ~,tEYER LPI HOLDINGS ~ 002/O09 PAGE 83 Mo~ P~t for Lot 2 be ~ppzo~d ~o~, In zd~fion, mppr~ be ~o~ for ~c ~e~ed ~k y~ m ~c= md ~ho~d you co=m~ mc zr (~04) 307-8878. Tom El, ~ 730 t4,~,. ?r, /,'VEIqU£. ' DANIA DEACH, I:L ~3004 · .,3~.o SCHt,tUESER ~-ORDOH [IE","ER u:..' 1a;4uuo I1 ZW h,¢,;::: W,'O 845 89/13/2885 @S', 1'1 954921L ~' LPI HOLDINGS PAGE 84 Be~ch bn¥tronmental. LLC T,m Lcwt~ 750 N.E, 7 D~nia Beach, Flori ~33004 Augu~ 15, 2.005 Sent via Fax to 1-30~-g47-374 5 E~ Mr, Le~s: ' . ' ~e ~te to a bdef~pe~on md ~w of ma~ta ~i~ incl~ 8 ~e tal~s ~m St~ 7awl~ ~cn-No~ ~d a Ma~ & S~s out of ~ Co~Mo. / As mend~ ~ m~, I~r of Aug~ I8, 2000, ~e ~5=gs, acco¢iag to ~. Pawt~ that ~cn~ o~ >fwhtch B b~ on 6~ Pa~<~'s ~o~ioml mm~ i~¢ad~ Ir ~e ~, Since ~c~ w~ no ~fion sy~m ~ ~¢ t~¢, ~d ~ Mt. Y~]~, ~. ~co~ud ~ ~ ~ field ~mfls, or h~rd ~o ~ ~lt~ ~ 2000. ~ my 1~, I m]~ :smd'you co~d ~1~ ~ pot~ probl~ of~tmm le~ r.h~ by ~plo~g ouc oft ~ options. Pawl~ su~ b~g ~m M~ ' to g f~ of~nmm~d ~t~ ~g ~ ~l~gs ~d I ~end~ r~oving ~ ~ ~ s~ as ~ wo~d cr~a~e "a mu~ mar: ~liab~ ~d I~lng r~m~afi~." ~y of ~ ~e o~o~ wo~d l~ly'mmlve ¢on~s ov~ ~e p~:~d f~ leac~g of toxic min~s, I also ~gg~d ~nt "~ ~y be ~o~ble m mq~st ~ Lot 2 prior to eom~ ~= ~aofioa." As ~. Paw~ m~m~d~d, a civil ~g~e~ ~d ~the ~a;ng of~¢ ~m pUe ~d soft cove. In re~pon~ to Matt August 1 8, 2000 l=t mine milktgs may b c~rtmiu m-in~rals [fa isrigati on.' Frrguson's letter to I~c~ Clark, M_~. Fergt~on ~s~ ~t ~ : b~i~ in ~ fo~ ~y ~ mbje~ to l~ch[i~] ~ to~c l~e~ of SCHi,!UESE~ GORDOH I,IE',/EP L_PI HOLDINGS 005/003 P;GE ~5 any ~w~n% if fac likely ~tlil be fc Princlp~--- Sep 05 02 ll:12a Snedon August 30, 2002 Freilich, Myler, Leitner & Carlisle 106 S. Mill Street, Suite 202 Aspen, CO 81611 Attention: Mr. E. Michael Hoffman Attorney at Law Subject: Geologic and Geotechnical Consultation Potential Effects of Development of Lots 2, 3 and 4, Little Cloud Subdivision and Tract A of Government Lot 20 .on Kuhne Residence Aspen, Colorado Job No. GS-3738 As requested, we have prepared this letter to summarize our geologic and geotechnical consultation regarding potential effects of development of Lots 2, 3 and 4, Little Cloud Subdivision and Tract A of Government Lot 20 on the Kuhne Residence at 315 West Hymen Avenue in Aspen, Colorado. The scope of our consultation was described in our proposal GS-02-218, dated August 21,2002. We reviewed available plans showing existing site conditions and previous and currently proposed access road construction. After reviewing plans, we made a site visit to observe existing conditions and check topographic mapping. We performed a limited slope stability analysis. Site Conditions The subject property consists of TractAofGovernmentLot20and Lots 2, 3, and 4 of the Little Cloud Subdivision. The site is located on the lower slopes at the base of Shadow Mountain in the southwest part of Aspen, Colorado (see Figure 1). Single and multi-family residential buildings are on adjacent downhill property to the north. Alarge single family residence has been built on property to the southeast. The Little Cloud Park is adjacenttothe northwest. Land that has not been built on is to the southwest. SGM 01 33 CONSULTING ENGINEERS 234 CENTER DRIVE · GLENWOOD SPRINr~S, COLORADO E~1601 a..(970) 945-2809 Sop 05 O2 Da p~ M. Snadon S7~595~1 The south terminus of First Street is at the east part of the site, An abandoned railroad bed crosses the northeast part of Lot 20 and Lot 2. Asectior~of fillembankmentfortheabandonedrailroad bed creates a closed topographic basin southoftheembankmentinthe northeast part ofthe site. Lot20andLot2areinthe northwest and northeast parts of the site, respectively. Lots 3 and 4 are on slopes above and southwest of Lot 20. A gently sloping topographic bench is at the west part of Lot 20 and east part of Lot 4. A vet], steep, excavated slope above the old railroad bed is in the northwest part of Lot 20. An old mine and spoils pile is located on the west part of Lot 2. , Ground surfaces at the site generally slope down to the no_rt, heast at moderate to steep gradients. On the lower ('soutl~) part of Lot 20 grades were measured and visually estimated at 30 to 35 percent. On the north parts of Lot 20 grades were measured and visually estimated at 45 to 55 percent. Ground surfaces on the upper part of Lot 2 are comparatively fiat on top of the spoils pile and otherwise slope down at approximately 50 to 60 percent. Lower part~ of Lot 2 slope down at approximately 20 to 25 percent. Lots 3 and 4 generally slope down to the northeast at grades measured and visually estimated at 25 to 35 percent. The topographic bench area at the east part of Lot 4 is gently sloping with grades. measured at approximately 5 to 10 percent. Vegetation consists of brush, grasses. and weeds on the. lower parts of the site with conifer forestation on the upper parts. of the site. Figures 2 through 4 are photographs of the'site. p.5 Geoloqic Conditions The site is underlain by surficial soils consisting of Quaternary aged talus and. colluvium derived from lower and middle Paleozoic aged bedrockwhich is exposed on the slopes above. Talus and colluvium are granular materials that generally consist of poorly consolidated angular gravel, cobble and boulder with a matrix of silty sand. Bedrock below the site is likely lower and middle Paleozoic and Precambrian aged. Actual depth to bedrock is unknown, however, the surficial soils are probably thickest on the lower parts of the site. Potential Geoloqic HazarH We identified several geologic hazards at the site that need to be considered during the planning phases of development to ensure that a safe development is achieved. Geologic hazard mitigation will need to be carefully' planned and constructed to provide protection to the Kuhne Residence and other structures below the site during and after construction. Geologic hazards at the site include rockfall, slope stability and snow avalanche. An additional consideration is evidence of previous mining activity on Lot 2 and along the south edge of Lot 20. SGM 0134 FREILICH, MYLER, LE[TNER, CARLISLE KUHNE RESIDENCE ~Tl.~ JOB NO. G$-3731~ '3 Rockfall Numerous rocks and boulders were observedatthesitethat have originated from the rock outcrops above the site. Many of the rocks are resting against trees which have deformed and grown around the rocks. The rocks influence onthetree is evidence of a process that is active in a recent time frame established by the age of the trees. The degree of hazard increases on the higher parts of the slopes closer to the rockfall source area. In our opinion, the degree of rockfall hazard is moderate at the lower parts ofthesite and high atthe higher parts ofthe~ite, ln our opinion, rockfall mitigation would be needed for any development on Lot 20 and Lots 3 and 4. Mitigation of rockfall could involve avoidance of at risk areas or various proactive methods. Proactive mitigation methods include removal and/or stabilization of the rockfall source area, the construction of impact barriers, berms, and catchment structures, or a combination of the above. We recommend a detailed rockfall hazard evaluation be p~rformed to quantify the degree of hazard from rockfall for specific areas of the site. Design level mitigation recommendations can then be made for development of Lot 20 and Lots 3 and 4. Potential risk of rocks falling and damaging the Kuhne Residence and other structures be!ow the site will increase during earthwork operations to construct the hazard mitigation and access road. A plan to protectthe Kuhne Residence and other structures below the site should be developed by the contractor prior to commencing earthwork operations. Slope Stability Most slopes at this site are steeper than 30 percent and should be considered to be potentially unstable. Construction plans and methods for retaining walls and foundation walls that require excavation into slopes steeper than approximately 30 percent should be reviewed by a qualified geotechnical engineer on case-by-case basis to evaluate excavation and hillside stability concerns. Depending on the actual engineering characteristics of the soils and the actual planned construction, various types of excavation and slope reinforcement systems wi[I be required. Sloping excavation sides may be appropriate at some locations where site geometry allows. Retainage via soil nail walls, Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) walls, tied-back driven piles with lagging or other methods may be required. At the north west part of Lot 20 we observed a steep excavation fa~e for the abandoned railroad bed into the toe of the slopes of Shadow Mountain. The excavation face has failed and assumed an inclination of approximately 65 percent which appears to be near an equilibrium condition between stability and failure. A 'ar vertical scarp of approximately 10 to 15 vertical feet high is at the top of the dexcavation face. We believe failureofthescarpis immJnentandthescarpwill ~slopesimilartotheexcavation face slopes below. A detailed slope stability 'TNER, r'A~LISL£ $ G M 0 1 3 5 , Sep U5 02 p.'/ 11: 12a D~i N. Snadon ~'/U~Eb~bSl$ analysis would be needed to determine if construction above the scarp is feasible. From a preliminary viewpoint, we believe that the excavation face would need tb be retained or construction would need to be set back from the top of the scarp a horizontal distance equal to at least the height of the excavation. Avalanche Due to steep slope geometry, elevation above sea level and lack of tree cover on parts of the site and areas above the site, a snow avalanche hazard may exist. We suggest the site be evaluated for snow avalanche hazard by someone who specializes in snow avalanche to determine the degree of hazard that exists and appropriate mitigation. Previous Mining Activity Previous mining activity is evident by the presence of a mine spoils pile on Lot 2 with some of the spoils along the -south edge of Lot 20. It appears that an abandoned ad. it is above and behind the soils pile. Areas above the old mine adR may be subject to subsidence. The mine spoils may be considered an -envirc)nmentally hazardous material. Phase II environmental testing should be performed on samples of the mine spoils to determine if a contamination problem exists. Mitigation of contaminated mining spoils includes dust control during construction and burying the material on site with several feet of "clean" soil. Review of Reports and Plans We reviewed the following reports and plans to prepare this report: Description Job Number and Date 1 City of Aspen Records Job No. 8049A, Little Cloud Subdivision dated July 03, 1989 Book 26, Pages 10, 11, 14 & 15 2 Geologic Hazards Evaluation, Tract A of Job No. GS-2569, Government Lot 20 and Lots 2, 3 and 4 Little dated October 13, 1998 Cloud Subdivision, Aspen, Colorado 3 Driveway Plan and Profile and Job No. 8049C, Drive.way Sections and Site Details dated August 12, 2002 Note: All plans prepared by Schmueser Gordon Meyer, Inc. FREIL/CH, MY[ER, LEITNER, CARLISLE KUHNE RE ~.iDEhlCE CTL~'r JOB NC). G$-3738 SGM 0136 5ep ub u~ 11: l~a D~i H, Snadon S~SE595~1 The access drive alignment proposed in 1989 and the currently proposed access drive alignment are similar. 8ook 26, pages 14 and 15 are Road Plan and Profile and Sewer Line Profile plans, respectively. Three retaining wall details are shown on these plans. The wails shown are cast-in-place concrete cantilever walls with a stone veneer. Construction details are shown for walls applicable to the following cases, a) retaining walls uphill of the road with a maximum height of 5 feet, b) retaining walls uphill of the road from 5 to 10 feet in height and c) retaining walls downhill of the road to a maximum height of 9 feet. Cast-in-place cantilever retaining walls are a positive retention system once constructed. To construct this type of retaining wall, excavation into the existing hillside is required. The majority of sloPe failures occur during the wall construction period between excavation into the ~.~l :.~ .......... ,,,,,s,u~ u~,u wa~, completion and bacilli. If cast-in-place concrete cantilever walls are constructed, it appears that temporary retainage of excavations via soil nails will be required to mitigate the potential for slope failures during construction. Failures could effect the site being developed, the Kuhne Residence and other structures below the site. Plans dated August 16, 2002 show retainage of road embankment fills and excavations into the existing hillside with soil nails, rock buttress walls and mechanically.stabilized earth (MSE) retaining walls. Construction of rock buttress walls, similar to construction of cast-in-place concrete cantilever wails, requires excavations into the existing hillside. It is critical that the effects of these excavations on the 'existing hillside stability be evaluated prior to excavation to evaluate the potential risk of hillside failure. Discussion The access drive alignment planned in 1989 and currently proposed are similar. Design level details for cast-in-place concrete cantilever walls were provided on 1989 plans. Typical details for soil nail walls, rock buttress walls and MSE walls are shown on the current plans. It is clearly stated on the current plans that the typical details shown are not intended for construction. The soil nail walls, rock buttress walls and MSEwalls need to be designed by an engineer considering specific conditions at the wall locations. Cast-in-place concrete cantilever walls were the most commonly used retainagesystemin1989. During the past5tol0years,soilnailwallsandMSEwalls have become common retainage systems used in the Roaring Fork Valley. Our experience is that if properly constructed, soil nail walls and N~SEwalls provide a practical solution to retainage requirements with less risk during construction and good long-term performance. Soil nail walls are constructed using a"top-down" procedure that resuit in less excavation face being unretainedduring construction. This reduces risk of destabilizing the existing hillside during construction. FREILICH, MYLER, LEIThlER, CARLISLE KUHNE RESIDENCE CTLrT JOB NO. GS-3738 SGNI 0137 · Sop 05 O~ 11: 13a ~a~l H. Snadon 9~92595B! The performance of rock buttress walls depends on the rock sizes and design factors including embedment depth, base to height ratio and drainage considerations, We consider the existing rock wall at the site to be of poor bonstruction. The existing rock wall provides minimal retainage. We believe development of the site is possible. However a significant amount of geotechnical investigation and retainage system design is required prior to commencing earthwork atthe site. Wejudgethereisahigh risk of potential damage to the Kuhne Residence and other structures below the site, if construction proceeds prior to the recommended investigation and desigrh ResultS from our review of available plans, site visit and engineering analyses are summarized below. Recommend additional studies we believe should be performed prior to site earthwork are also presented. p.9 Summarized Results Potential geologic hazards are rockfall, Slope instability and snow avalanche. Voids from previous mining activity may also be below the site, Rockfall hazard is rated at medium to high. Mitigation of rockfall including avoidance, impact barriers, berms, catchment structures or a combination of the above will likely be required. A detailed rockfall hazard evaluation is recommended. The majority of the site is considered potentially unstable. Retaining walls including soil nailed walls, rock buttress wails and mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls will be required to construct the access road. The effects of new excavations into the existing hillside stability should be evaluated at each location. Retaining walls should be designed by a qualified engineer. We recommend a detailed slope stability analyses be performed. Avalanche potential should be evaluated by someone who specializes in snow avalanche to determine the degree of hazard that existing and appropriate mitigation. The existence of underground voids from previous mining should be investigated. This investigation will involve mapping e¥idence on the site of previous mining activity and reviewing available mining maps. FRE LJCH, MYL£R, LEITNER, CARLISLE KUHNE RESIDENCE CTL~ JO~ NO. G$-3738 SGM 0138 Sep 05 O2 11: lqa D a~l H. Snadon 9~2595G1,. ~ : p.lO We appreciate the opportunity to work with you on this project. Should you have questions, please call. CTL/TH/GM/P ~.6~1, INC. ...., //Z. '. \,~_/,. ~ ..'.',~,~' copies sent) ' FREILICH, ~YLER, LEtTNER, CARLISLE t~tJHNE RESIDENCE SGN~ 0139